江苏滨海地下水有机质季节变化特征及对氮迁移转化影响
刘晨 , 龚绪龙 , 梁莹 , 刘源 , 姜雪 , 马凯歌 , 马瑞
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (06) : 2400 -2415.
江苏滨海地下水有机质季节变化特征及对氮迁移转化影响
Characteristics of Seasonal Changes in Organic Matter of Groundwater in Binhai, Jiangsu Province and Its Impact on Nitrogen Transport and Transformation
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溶解性有机质(dissolved organic matter,DOM)在滨海湿地碳循环过程中发挥着重要作用,滨海地区水文过程的季节变化会影响DOM的组成,从而控制氮的迁移和转化途径.本研究选取江苏省连云港市滨海湿地作为研究区,基于地下水、河水以及海水的水化学数据,结合三维荧光光谱和紫外可见光谱,研究了DOM的季节特征及其对氮转化的影响.结果表明:滨海地区地下水DOM包括3种组分:陆源类富里酸(C1)、陆源类腐殖酸(C2)和微生物源类蛋白组分(C3).研究区内NH4⁃N和DOC浓度随着距海岸越近逐渐升高,N浓度与DOM组分特征相关.丰水期地下水受到降雨和河水补给,外源大分子DOM入渗伴随着NH4⁃N进入地下水.含水层处于偏还原状态,硝化过程受到抑制.枯水期咸淡水之间的相互作用较弱,此时地下水中C3组分较高.同时含水层处于氧化性较强的环境中,促进了硝化作用.在潮间带地下水中,DOM的特点是腐殖化程度较高,NH4⁃N和DOC富集程度表明土壤含氮有机质的矿化.此外,较长的水体滞留时间和较强的微生物活动很可能会促进硝酸盐异化还原成铵(dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium,DNRA),并导致NH4⁃N进一步富集.
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a vital role in the carbon cycling process of coastal wetlands.Seasonal changes in hydrological process in the coastal area will affect DOM composition, thus controlling nitrogen transport and transformation pathways.In this study, the coastal area of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, was selected as the study area to investigate the seasonal characteristics of DOM and its impacts on nitrogen transformations based on the hydrochemical data of groundwater, river water, and seawater, combined with three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy.The results show that DOM in coastal area includes three components, terrestrial source-like fulvic acid (C1), terrestrial source-like humic acid (C2) and microbial source-like protein fraction (C3).In the study area, the NH4-N and DOC concentrations gradually increased with closer proximity to the coast, the N concentration is associated to the DOM component characteristics.During the wet season, the groundwater was recharged by rainfall and river water, with exogenous macromolecules DOM infiltrated accompanied by NH4-N into groundwater.The aquifer is in biased reducing condition, and the nitrification process is inhibited.During the dry season, the interaction between salty and fresh water was weak, at when the higher C3 component in the groundwater.Meanwhile, the aquifer is in more oxidizing environment, promoting nitrification.In the intertidal groundwaters, the DOM is characterized by higher degree of humification, the abundance of NH4-N and DOC suggests the mineralization of N contained soil organic matter.Also, a longer retention time of water as well as a strong microbial activity is likely to promote the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and lead to further accumulation of NH4-N.
滨海湿地 / 地下水 / 溶解性有机质 / 季节变化 / 氮 / 环境地质学.
coastal / wetland / groundwater / dissolved organic matter / seasonal variation / nitrogen / environmental geology
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国家自然科学基金项目(42425207)
江苏海岸带生态敏感区生态地质调查项目(苏财资环[2022]27号)
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