老油田低勘探区油气重要发现与启示:以渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷西南洼为例
徐田武 , 段金宝 , 张成富 , 高永涛 , 张莹莹
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (01) : 257 -271.
老油田低勘探区油气重要发现与启示:以渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷西南洼为例
Significant Oil and Gas Discoveries and Inspirations in Underexplored Areas of Old Oil Fields: A Case Study of Southwest Sag in Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
,
为突破东濮凹陷西南洼低勘探程度区,解决老油田增储保矿权的难题,采用饱和烃色质谱及天然气碳同位素等分析测试手段,分析了油气源及成藏模式.发现该区发育三种原油和两种天然气,即低伽玛蜡烷指数的原油、中伽玛蜡烷指数的原油及高伽玛蜡烷指数的原油,上古生界的煤成气和煤成气与油型气混合形成的混合气.油源对比表明,低伽玛蜡烷指数的原油主要来自沙三中层系的淡水源岩,中伽玛蜡烷指数的原油主要来自沙三上层系的咸化源岩,高伽玛蜡烷指数的原油主要来自沙三下‒沙四上层系的超咸化源岩.西南洼油气具有“多源供烃、构造控藏、断砂控富”的成藏特征,4种油气成藏模式(多级断阶、y型、反y型、和负花状),大断裂高效输导对西南洼的油气成藏具有控制作用.烃源岩及成藏的突破性认识是老油田低勘探程度区勘探成功的关键,研究成果对同类型盆地勘探具有一定借鉴意义.
To address the challenge of increasing reserves and preserving mining rights in old oil fields, particularly in the underexplored southwestern depression of the Dongpu Depression, this study employed saturation hydrocarbon chromatography and natural gas carbon isotope analysis to investigate the oil and gas sources and their entrapment patterns. The results revealed three types of crude oils and two types of natural gases in the area, namely, the low gammacerane index crude oil, medium gammacerane index crude oil, and high gammacerane index crude oil, as well as Upper Paleozoic coal-derived gas and a mixture of coal-derived gas and oil-type gas. Oil-source correlation indicates that low gammacerane index crude oil primarily originates from freshwater source rocks in the middle third submember of the Shahejie Formation. Medium gammacerane index crude oil mainly comes from saline source rocks in the upper third submember of the Shahejie Formation. High gammacerane index crude oil predominantly stems from hypersaline source rocks in the lower third submember of the Shahejie Formation. The oil and gas in the Southwest Sag exhibit a “multi-source hydrocarbon supply, structure-controlled reservoir, and fault-sand controlled richness” entrapment characteristic. Four distinct types of oil and gas entrapment patterns were identified: multi-level fault steps, Y-shaped, inverted Y-shaped, and negative flower-like. Major fault plays a controlling role in the entrapment of oil and gas in the Southwest Sag. The breakthrough understanding of hydrocarbon source rocks and entrapment mechanisms is critical to the successful exploration of underexplored areas in old oil fields. These findings provide valuable insights and reference significance for similar basins, particularly in optimizing strategies exploration and enhancing reserve discovery in old oil fields.
| [1] |
Bian, L.B., 2018. Research on Oil and Gas Accumulation Characteristics of Shahejie Formation in the Southwest of Dongpu Depression (Dissertation). China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [2] |
Dai, J.X., 1992. Identification of Various Alkane Gases. Science in China (Series B), 2:185-193 (in Chinese). |
| [3] |
Dai, J. X., 2018. Coal⁃Derived Gas Theory and Its Discrimination.Chinese Science Bulletin, 63(14): 1291-1305 (in Chinese). |
| [4] |
Dai, J. X., Dong, D. Z., Ni, Y. Y., et al., 2020.Some Problems in the Study of Shale Gas Geology and Geochemistry in China.Natural Gas Geoscience, 31(6): 745-760 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [5] |
Du, H. F., Yu, X. H., Chen, F. L., 2008. Sedimentary Characteristics of Saltrocks and Their Petroleum Geologic Significance of the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation of Paleogene in Dongpu Sag, Henan Province.Journal of Palaeogeography, 10(1): 53-62 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [6] |
Guo, D. B., Xiang, C. F., Jiang, F. H., et al., 2017a.Mechanism of Hydrocarbon Migration and Accumulation in Southwest Sag of Dongpu Depression.Fault⁃Block Oil & Gas Field, 24(2): 159-164 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [7] |
Guo, D. B., Wan, T., Li, J. D., et al., 2017b. Hydrocarbon Sources and Reservoir Forming Stages in Fangliji Tectonic Belt of Dongpu Depression, China.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 39(4): 530-538 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [8] |
Hu,T., 2018. Genetic Mechanism and Development Model of Continuous Sandstone Petroleum Accumulation in the Shahejie Formation of Dongpu Depression (Dissertation). China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [9] |
Li, B., 2018. Origin of the Salt Rock of Shahejie Formation and Its Relationship with Source Rock in Dongpu Depression (Dissertation). Northwest University, Xi’an (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [10] |
Li, J., Li, Z. S., Wang, X. B., et al., 2017. New Indexes and Charts for Genesis Identification of Multiple Natural Gases. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 44(4): 503-512 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [11] |
Li, J. D., Xu, T. W., Tang, Y. J., et al., 2019. Geochemical Characteristics and Source Correlation of Crude Oil in Machang Area, Dongpu Depression.Fault⁃Block Oil & Gas Field, 26(4): 426-428, 479 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [12] |
Li, L. X., Su, Y., Tang, J., et al., 2021. The Technique of Seismic Description for Es2x Sand⁃Shale Interbedded Layers in the Southwest Depression of Dongpu Sag. Fault⁃Block Oil & Gas Field, 28(4): 493-497 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [13] |
Tan, Y. M., Jiang, Y. L., Zhao, L. J., et al., 2015. Main Controlling Factors of Phase Evolution and Charging Pattern of Hydrocarbons in Northern Dongpu Sag. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 37(1): 28-34 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [14] |
Wang,C.,2017. Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Generation Potential Evaluation of Shahejie Formation Source Rocks in the Northern Part of the Southwestern Depression of Dongpu Depression (Dissertation). China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [15] |
Wang,Z., 2022.Influencing Factors and Evaluation of Mobile Oil Contents in Shahejie Formation Shale in Dongpu Depression (Dissertation). China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [16] |
Wu, Y. C., Liu, Y. F., Jin, A. M., et al., 2024. Formation Water Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Model of Shahejie Formation in Wenliu Area, Northern Dongpu Depression. Earth Science, 49(1): 140-154 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [17] |
You, L., Jiang, R. F., Gong, Y., et al., 2024. Main Controlling Factors of Accumulation and Exploration Breakthrough of Deep⁃Water Submarine Fan Lithologic Trap in the Qiongdongnan Basin. Earth Science, 49(2): 749-758 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [18] |
Yu, H. B., Cheng, X. S., Qi, J. F., et al., 2018. Effects of Paleogene Faulting on the Subsag Evolution and Hydrocarbon Generation in Dongpu Sag.Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 25(6): 24-31 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [19] |
Yu, H. B., Cheng, X. S., Qi, J. F., et al., 2019. Control of Fault Activity on Sedimentation of Paleogene in Dongpu Sag. Lithologic Reservoirs, 31(5): 12-23 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
油气重大专项(2024ZD1400100)
中石化科技部项目(P25032)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |