青藏高原东南缘PmP波数据集构建及识别模型训练
李澍辰 , 孙安辉 , 李天觉 , 童平 , 房立华 , 安艳茹 , 张莹莹 , 赵盼盼 , 杨峰
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (03) : 1169 -1181.
青藏高原东南缘PmP波数据集构建及识别模型训练
Constructing and Training of a Deep Learning Dataset for PmP Waves in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau
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莫霍面反射波PmP的射线路径与初至Pg波、Pn波不同,其传播特性与发震构造环境密切相关,可为研究地壳深部结构与莫霍面不连续性提供关键信息.识别PmP波的主要挑战是它们的稀缺性,且人工拾取需要耗费大量的人力.为改善这一问题,利用青藏高原东南缘的固定台站(2009—2022年)和流动台阵(2011—2013年)记录的波形,通过手动拾取和振幅比值检验得到了1 713个PmP震相,结合半自动拾取流程(基于振幅阈值筛选和质点运动检验)提取1 536个PmP震相,构建了高质量PmP数据集.对基于深度神经网络的PmPNet进行重新训练,构建了适配青藏高原东南缘的新模型PmPNet-SET_V1.0和PmP-traveltime-Net-SET_V1.0,其中PmPNet-SET_V1.0模型的F1分数为0.863 7,精确率为86.6%,召回率为84.8%,并将该区域内高质量PmP波数量增加至6 268个.所有PmP拾取结果通过严格的人工检验并与理论走时对比,确保了可靠性.研究表明,训练参数对采集波形的数量和质量具有显著影响.此外,基于所构建的PmP数据集,本研究初步获得了青藏高原东南缘区域莫霍深度分布,其呈现西北深,东南浅的趋势,与前人反演结果的样式相近.
The Moho-reflecting PmP wave with a different ray path to Pg wave and Pn wave, whose propagation characteristics are closely related to the seismogenic tectonic environment, provides crucial information for studying the deep crustal structure and the discontinuity of the Moho discontinuity. The main challenge in PmP waves identification is their rarity, and the significant manpower required for manual picking. To address this issue, we firstly obtained 1 713 PmP waves through manual picking and amplitude-ratio validation, and applied a semi-automatic workflow (screening of seismic amplitude threshold and testing of particle motion) to pick 1 536 PmP waves from waveforms recorded by permanent (2009—2022) and temporary (2011—2013) stations in the southeastern (SE) Tibetan Plateau, and then we constructed a high-quality PmP dataset using these waves. We retrained PmPNet, a deep neural network-based algorithm, to construct two new models PmPNet-SET_V1.0 and PmP-traveltime-Net-SET_V1.0, among which PmPNet-SET_V1.0 achieved a high F1-score of 0.863 7, with a precision of 86.6% and a recall of 84.8%, and we tripled the number of the high-quality PmP database in the study region to 6 268. All PmP picking results underwent rigorous manual inspection and were compared with the theoretical travel time to ensure the reliability. The study shows several hyper-parameters play a key role in determining both the quantity and quality of the picks. Furthermore, based on the constructed PmP dataset, the study preliminarily obtained the regional Moho depth, which displayed a similar pattern to previous inversion findings, showing deeper depths in the northwest and shallower depths in the southeast.
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中国地震局地震预报重点实验室专项基金项目(2023030104)
国家自然科学基金项目(42474134)
国家自然科学基金项目(41974050)
国家自然科学基金项目(42374081)
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