华南河源盆地玄武岩年代学与地球化学:大陆裂谷作用新证据
林振文 , 王玭 , 阳峰 , 罗俊超 , 陆野 , 白清霖 , 郑思琦 , 李雨龙
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (01) : 226 -239.
华南河源盆地玄武岩年代学与地球化学:大陆裂谷作用新证据
Geochronology and Geochemistry of Basalts in Heyuan Basin: New Evidence for Continental Rifting in South China
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为揭示华南沿海中‒新生代裂谷盆地中的火山岩形成时代及机制,对河源盆地玄武岩开展全岩40Ar/39Ar测年及地球化学分析.首次精确限定河源盆地玄武岩喷发于白垩纪‒古近纪(K⁃Pg)界线附近(68.65~64.52 Ma),具有钠质亚碱性拉斑玄武岩特征.结果显示,河源盆地玄武岩具有低Mg、K、Ti,高Na、Al,轻稀土轻微富集((La/Yb)N=4.48~6.68)的特征,无明显Eu、Ce、Nb、Ta异常,但具有正Ba、Th、U异常及负P异常,关键元素比值高于原始地幔(Th/Yb=1.72~1.15,Th/Nb=0.20~0.21, Hf/Th=1.13~1.35),Sr⁃Nd同位素比值为ISr=0.704 97~0.706 76,εNd(t)=0.11~1.55,指示其岩浆来源于亏损地幔受到了一定程度的壳源物质富集或者混染,形成于大陆裂谷环境.结合前人对华南裂谷盆地火山岩的年代学和地球化学研究结果,认为南海北部陆缘存在一条NE⁃SW向大陆裂谷,其形成可能与古太平洋板块后撤作用密切相关.
The formation and geodynamic setting of Mesozoic-Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the basins along the South China coast remain controversial, traditionally attributed to either Paleo-Pacific subduction or South China Sea spreading.Focusing on NE-trending fissure-erupted basalts from the Heyuan Basin, this study uses ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating to constrain their eruption ages to 68.65-64.52 Ma. These ages coincide with the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary.Geochemically, the basalts exhibit sodic subalkaline tholeiitic characteristics (SiO2=47.43%-52.67%), with low Mg, K, and Ti but high Na and Al contents. Their rare earth element (REE) patterns indicate slight light REE(LREE) enrichment ((La/Yb)N=4.48-6.68), lacking significant Eu, Ce, Nb,or Ta anomalies, but displaying positive Ba, Th, and U anomalies and a negative P anomaly. Key elemental ratios (Th/Yb=1.72-1.15, Th/Nb=0.20-0.21, Hf/Th=1.13-1.35) suggest derivation from a depleted lithospheric mantle source with crustal contamination, formed in a continental rift setting.The Sr-Nd isotopic compositions (ISr=0.704 97-0.706 76, εNd(t)=0.11-1.55) indicate that the Heyuan basalts originated from a mixture of depleted mantle and enriched lithospheric mantle components. Regional comparisons with coeval basalts from the Nanxiong, Lianping, and Sanshui basins reveal an NE-SW trending continental rift system along the northern South China margin. This rifting episode likely responded to back-arc extension triggered by Paleo-Pacific plate rollback.
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广东省地质勘查与城市地质专项(2023⁃19)
广东省地质勘查与城市地质专项(2024⁃01)
广东省地质勘查与城市地质专项(2025⁃01)
国家自然科学基金项目(42272098)
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