先存断层对地应力演化及微震分布的影响
武成飞 , 廖杰 , 原桂强 , 李伦 , 文奥佳 , 夏彩雨
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10) : 4027 -4043.
先存断层对地应力演化及微震分布的影响
Effect of Pre-Existing Faults on Spatio-Temporal Evolution of In-Situ Stress and Microseismic Distribution
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金属矿山微震的发生与地应力场及微裂隙的时空演化密切相关.广东韶关凡口铅锌矿记录的微震存在一个显著特点,即微震多发生于矿区先存断层的周缘,而非集中于断层带上.这可能是由于先存断层影响周缘应力累积,进而诱发微裂隙并导致微震发生.为了检验这一想法,应用米级尺度的高分辨率热-力学耦合三维地球动力学数值模拟,考虑地下的温度结构,系统探讨正向演化过程中先存断层对周缘应力场分布的控制作用,进而探讨微震发生的可能性.模拟结果显示,先存断层会扰动应力场分布,在其周缘形成高应力带,进而可能会诱发微裂隙并导致微震发生.先存断层的宽度、数量、几何形态、倾角等都会影响其周缘应力场的分布,但是不会改变在先存断层周缘形成高应力带的特点.基于模拟结果,认为先存断层扰动应力场在其周缘形成高应力带是广东韶关凡口铅锌矿微震触发的一个可能原因,合理解释了凡口矿区微震多发生于断层面之外的特征,建议在断层F3与地层交汇处加强微震监测,为矿山微震灾害预测提供参考.
The occurrence of microseisms in metal mines is closely related to the spatio-temporal evolution of in-situ stress fields and microfractures. The microseisms recorded at the Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, exhibit a notable characteristic: they mostly occur around the pre-existing faults in the mining area rather than concentrating on the fault zones themselves. This phenomenon may be attributed to the fact that pre-existing faults affect stress accumulation in their surrounding areas, which in turn induces microfractures and triggers microseisms. To verify this hypothesis, this study innovatively applies a meter-scale, high-resolution 3D geodynamic numerical simulation of thermo-mechanical coupling. By considering the underground temperature structure, the study systematically investigates the controlling effect of pre-existing faults on the distribution of the surrounding stress field during the forward evolution process, and further explores the possibility of microseism occurrence. The simulation results show that pre-existing faults disturb the distribution of stress fields, forming high-stress zones in their surrounding areas, which may subsequently induce microfractures and lead to microseisms. Factors such as the width, number, geometric shape, and dip angle of pre-existing faults all influence the distribution of the stress field around them, but they do not alter the characteristics of high-stress zone formation in the vicinity of pre-existing faults. Based on the simulation results, this study concludes that the disturbance of stress fields by pre-existing faults (which leads to the formation of high-stress zones around them) is a potential cause for the triggering of microseisms at the Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province. This conclusion reasonably explains the characteristic that microseismsic in the Fankou mining area mostly occur outside the fault planes. It is suggested that microseismic monitoring should be strengthened at the intersection of Fault F3 and the stratum, so as to provide a reference for the prediction of microseismic hazards in mines.
应力场 / 时空演化 / 金属矿 / 微震 / 工程地质学.
stress field / spatio-temporal evolution / metal mine / microseismic engineering geology
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深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司科技创新项目(0102.2021.J006)
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