粒径分布特征对水下颗粒柱坍塌过程影响
Effect of Particle Size Distribution on Collapse of Immersed Polydisperse Granular Columns
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基于典型的颗粒柱坍塌试验,采用计算流体力学与离散单元法耦合的数值方法,系统探讨了以分形维数表征的粒径分布特征在不同流态下对颗粒柱坍塌过程的流动能力和能量演化的影响机制.结果表明:随着环境流体由空气逐步过渡至低粘度流体和高粘度流体,颗粒柱的运动距离相比干燥条件降低约40%,流动能力显著减弱;在自由下落态和惯性态中,不同分形维数系统的流动性差异仅约1%,而在粘性态中,较高分形维数的系统表现出明显的运动延迟且运动能力降低幅度达11%;并且这种差异被认为是细颗粒含量更多的系统更容易在高粘度流体中耗散能量引起的;利用渗透性测试方法发现,水下颗粒系统的运动能力主要受初始渗透性影响,渗透性越差运动能力越弱.
In this study, a typical granular column collapse scenario is investigated using a numerical approach that couples computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the discrete element method (DEM). Granular columns with varying fractal dimensions—used to characterize PSD—are simulated in different fluids to examine the influence of PSD on flow behavior and energy evolution across distinct flow regimes. The results show that as the ambient fluid gradually changes from air to low-viscosity fluid and then to high-viscosity fluid, the runout distance of the granular systems decreases by about 40% compared to dry conditions, and the mobility is significantly weakened. In free-fall and inertial regimes, the mobility difference between systems with different fractal dimensions is only about 1%, whereas in viscous regimes, the system with a higher fractal dimension shows a significant movement delay and the mobility is reduced by 11%. This reduced mobility can be attributed to the increased presence of fine particles, which enhance energy dissipation under low Stokes number conditions. Permeability tests further reveal that mobility is primarily governed by the initial permeability of the immersed granular system-lower permeability corresponds to reduced mobility.
颗粒材料 / 分形维数 / 海底滑坡 / 颗粒柱坍塌 / 渗透性 / 工程地质学.
granular material / fractal dimension / submarine landslide / column collapse / permeability / engineering geology
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