多源融合的“岩石-矿物-光谱”知识图谱构建及应用
Construction and Application of the “Rock⁃Mineral⁃Spectrum” Knowledge Graph Based on Multi⁃Source Fusion
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在全球资源竞争加剧的背景下,地质资源勘查已成为多国战略布局的核心焦点,我国要提升战略性矿产的国内保障水平,强化地质资源勘查,提高资源保障能力. 随着大数据与人工智能技术的深度渗透,岩石学、光谱学与矿物学领域已积累海量多源异构数据,然而当前存在多源异构数据融合不足、知识关联薄弱、分类体系难以对齐等问题,导致了现有知识难以高效服务于资源勘查等地质应用. 因此,提出“岩石-矿物-光谱”知识图谱(rock mineral spectrum knowledge graph,RMS⁃KG)的系统化构建方案. 通过一体化编码遥感影像、光谱曲线、矿物特征及地质文献等多来源知识,采用自顶向下与自底向上相结合的领域本体建模策略,构建涵盖岩石分类、矿物特征和光谱特征等核心概念的知识图谱模式层. 随后,融合深度学习与语义解析技术,从结构化数据库、半结构化报告及非结构化文献中抽取相关实体、属性及关系,进而实现知识融合与语义关联,并在图数据库中完成知识融合、可视化查询与动态推理. RMS⁃KG包含各类实体、实体属性及关系超数万个,涵盖岩矿类型超1 000种,形成覆盖“岩石-矿物-光谱”的统一模式层与数据层,支持光谱指纹到矿物、岩石的映射以及基于矿物组合的成矿类型推理,并在“光谱导向矿物识别”和“成矿类型推理”两类场景中验证了有效性与可解释性. RMS⁃KG为岩矿识别与找矿预测提供可复用的知识底座与推理能力,提升地质知识的可检索、可计算与可复用性,为地质大数据的知识化表达与智能应用提供可推广范式.
Amid intensifying global competition for mineral resources, raising domestic security of strategic minerals requires higher⁃precision, more explainableexploration. Although petrology, spectroscopy, and mineralogy have amassed large volumes of heterogeneous data, limited cross⁃source fusion, weak semantic linkage, and misaligned taxonomies hinder their use in exploration. This paper proposes a systematic “Rock⁃Mineral⁃Spectrum” Knowledge Graph (RMS⁃KG) to address these gaps.We integrate remote⁃sensing imagery, reflectance spectra, mineral characteristics, and geological literature using a hybrid ontology approach that combines top⁃down domain modeling with bottom⁃updata construction. The schema covers core concepts in rock taxonomy, mineral attributes, and spectral features. Deep learning and semantic parsing extract entities, attributes, and relations from structured databases, semi⁃structured reports, and unstructured texts; knowledge is then fused in a graph database to enable semantic linkage, visual querying, and dynamic reasoning.RMS⁃KG contains on the order of tens of thousands of nodes and edges and includes more than 1,000 rock⁃mineral types. It unifies the “rock⁃mineral⁃spectrum” semantics, supports mapping spectral fingerprints to minerals and rocks, and enables metallogenic⁃type inference from mineral assemblages. Two application scenarios, “spectrum⁃guided mineral identification” and “metallogenic⁃type inference”, demonstrate its effectiveness and interpretability.RMS⁃KG provides a reusable knowledge substrate and reasoning capability for rock⁃mineral recognition and prospecting, improving the retrievability, computability, and reusability of geological knowledge and offering a generalizable paradigm for knowledge⁃centric geological AI.
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国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2013)
国家自然科学基金项目(42201415)
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