人工溶采作用下非均质盐湖储卤层渗透系数动态演化机制
Dynamic Evolution Mechanism of Hydraulic Conductivity in Heterogeneous Salt Lake Brine Aquifers during Artificial Solution Mining
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人工溶采技术将储卤层蒸发盐矿物转化为卤水,对盐湖资源开发具有重要意义.然而补水溶矿引发含水层渗透性演化机制尚未得到充分阐述.研究基于Python开发耦合MODFLOW6和PhreeqcRM的数值模拟工具MF6PQC,系统研究卤水反应运移对储卤层渗透系数及溶采过程的影响.结果表明,含水层初始非均质结构决定了渗透系数的时空演变规律.溶矿初期在高渗区优先发生地球化学反应,光卤石等高活性矿物溶解使孔隙度与渗透系数显著增大,并在对流-弥散的正反馈作用下形成优势渗流通道.均质或高渗连通结构有利于溶浸剂均匀波及,而强连通或含低渗隔挡的弱连通地层则使固体矿物无法被有效接触,从而降低整体溶采效果.研究深化对储卤层渗透性变化的认识,为优化卤水溶采提供理论依据.
Artificial solution mining technology, which converts evaporite minerals in brine aquifers into brine, is crucial for the sustainable development of salt lake resources. However, the dynamic evolution of aquifer hydraulic conductivity induced by mineral dissolution during water injection remains insufficiently understood, hindering accurate process prediction. In this study, a Python-based modeling tool, MF6PQC, coupling MODFLOW6 and PhreeqcRM, was developed to systematically investigate the effects of reactive transport on the hydraulic conductivity of brine aquifers and the overall solution mining process. Simulation results show that aquifer heterogeneity governs the spatiotemporal evolution of hydraulic conductivity. During the early stage of dissolution mining, hydrogeochemical reactions preferentially occur in high permeability zones. The dissolution of highly reactive minerals such as carnallite significantly enhances porosity and hydraulic conductivity, ultimately forming preferential flow paths driven by positive advection-dispersion feedback. Relatively homogeneous aquifers or those with extensive, well-connected high-permeability zones facilitate uniform lixiviant distribution and achieve higher solid-to-liquid conversion efficiency. In contrast, strongly preferential or poorly connected formations interrupted by low permeability barriers limit mineral contact and dissolution, thereby reducing overall solution mining efficiency. This study deepens the understanding of hydraulic conductivity evolution in brine aquifers during water injection and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing salt lake brine resource exploitation.
盐湖地下卤水 / 反应运移数值模拟 / 非均质随机场 / 储卤层渗透系数 / 优势渗流通道 / 环境科学.
salt-lake brine / reactive transport modeling / spatial heterogeneity / aquifer hydraulic conductivity / preferential flow / environmental science
说明:本文所开发的建模工具MF6PQC代码及原始数据,均由作者本人上传至Github网站(链接:https://github.com/wangzitao21/mf6pqc),可供其他研究人员参考与复现.
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国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2023YFC2908600)
青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”计划项目(QHKLYC⁃GDCXCY⁃2024⁃049)
国家自然科学基金项目(42502241)
中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2024M760016)
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