物理引导的库岸谷幅变形智能预测模型
Research on Physics⁃Guided Intelligent Prediction Model for Valley Contraction Deformation of Reservoir Bank Slopes
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库岸谷幅持续收缩变形会威胁大坝安全,因此谷幅变形预测对大坝安全管理至关重要.以溪洛渡水电站谷幅变形为研究对象,提出一种基于物理引导的智能预测模型,开展谷幅变形预测. 基于谷幅变形规律分析,建立统计回归物理模型(STPM),获取不同诱发因素对谷幅变形贡献的位移分量. 据此,以各分量为输入,联合灰色关联度分析(GRA)、长短期记忆网络(LSTM)和随机森林(RF),构建基于物理引导的机器学习预测框架(STPM⁃GRA⁃LSTM⁃RF),开展不确定性预测分析. 研究结果表明:(1)溪洛渡谷幅变形主要由黏塑性变形、黏弹性变形和有效应力引起,对总位移平均贡献率分别为67.71%、29.75%及2.51%;(2)与STPM模型、LSTM模型、SVM模型和XGBoost模型相比,本文提出模型的预测精度更高,并因其考虑了谷幅变形机制,可靠性显著提升. 研究成果为类似库岸高边坡的变形预测与安全管控提供有价值的参考.
Reservoir impoundment⁃induced valley contraction deformation poses a significant threat to the overall safety of dams, making the prediction of valley width deformation crucial for dam safety management. This study focuses on the valley deformation characteristics of the Xiluodu Hydropower Station and proposes a physics⁃guided intelligent prediction model to conduct valley deformation forecasting. Based on the analysis of valley deformation patterns, a statistical regression physics⁃based model (STPM) is developed to quantify the displacement components contributed by individual triggering factors to valley deformation. Building upon this foundation, a machine learning prediction framework (STPM⁃GRA⁃LSTM⁃RF) integrating grey relational analysis (GRA), long short⁃term memory networks (LSTM), and random forest algorithms (RF) is constructed with displacement components as inputs, incorporating uncertainty analysis in valley deformation prediction. Key findings include: (1) The valley deformation at Xiluodu is primarily caused by viscoelastic deformation, viscoplastic deformation, and effective stress⁃induced deformation, contributing 67.71%, 29.75%, and 2.51%, respectively, to the total displacement; (2) Compared with the STPM, LSTM, SVM, and XGBoost models, the proposed STPM⁃GRA⁃LSTM⁃RF model delivers higher predictive accuracy, moreover, by incorporating the physico⁃mechanical mechanisms of valley deformation, it significantly enhances the reliability of the predictions. This research provides valuable insights for deformation prediction and safety control of high reservoir slopes in analogous projects.
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广西自然科学基金项目(2024GXNSFBA010226)
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