基于多源信息的岩溶区岩体完整与溶蚀程度规律及评估研究
李漪 , 王友恒 , 蔡玉娟 , 蔡静森 , 郝永浩 , 晏鄂川
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (02) : 602 -619.
基于多源信息的岩溶区岩体完整与溶蚀程度规律及评估研究
Patterns and Evaluation of Rock Mass Integrity and Dissolution Degree in Karst Area Based on Multi⁃Source Data
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岩溶洼地或冲沟汇集区为抽蓄工程建设提供了天然的有利地形条件,减少开挖量及建设成本;但此处强烈的岩溶作用将孕育多种潜在的工程地质问题,不利于工程建设;合理地评估岩溶区岩体完整程度和溶蚀程度是其中的关键问题.为克服评估过程中指标测定条件非简易满足、重复琐碎耗精力和区分精细度不够等问题,以秭归岩溶区某抽水蓄能工程为例,利用多源勘察信息,包括钻孔岩芯、钻孔声波和钻孔电视影像,三者协同互补,揭示了研究区各地层岩体完整与溶蚀程度规律,据此明确各地层岩体地质特点,再根据地层岩体地质特点不同赋予地层标签,以地层标签和岩体声波波速数据为输入,采用加权随机森林方法(weighted random forests,WRF),由此提出了一套适用于岩溶区岩体完整程度和溶蚀程度的多源信息融合评估方法.结果表明:相同位置的各信息相互关联,只因勘察手段和信息来源不同,信息的呈现形式存在差异;研究区各地层岩体的地质特点有很大差别,相应的各勘察手段信息的特征表现不尽相同,这影响我们利用多源勘察信息对岩体完整和溶蚀程度的评估. 通过1 073个样本训练并用118个样本测试,训练集/测试集完整程度评估吻合率达95.67%/94.92%,溶蚀程度评估测试集吻合率达98.02%/97.46%,且与野外针对性复勘校核结果吻合良好.与传统方法相比,本文方法综合利用了多源勘察信息,通过地层标签将各地层岩体地质特点融入岩体完整和溶蚀程度评估,更加高效、自动化与精细准确,绕开了传统方法的固有问题,便于岩溶区抽蓄工程岩体完整和溶蚀程度分级评价应用.
Karst depressions and gully convergence zones offer favorable topographic conditions for the construction of pumped storage power stations, reducing excavation volumes and construction costs. However, intense karstification in these regions introduces complex engineering geological risks. Accurate evaluation of rock mass integrity and karstification degree is therefore critical for safe and efficient project development.(Purpose/Significance) To resolve challenges in the assessment process,such as difficulty meeting index measurement requirements, tedious repetitive work, and insufficient differentiation precision this study takes a pumped storage project in the Zigui karst area as a case. It uses multi⁃source exploration data (including drilled rock cores, borehole sound wave, and borehole TV images) for mutual complementarity. This reveals the patterns of rock mass integrity and dissolution degree across different strata in the study area, identifies the geological characteristics of each stratum, and assigns stratum labels accordingly. With stratum labels and rock mass acoustic wave velocity data as inputs, the Weighted Random Forests (WRF) method is applied to propose a multi⁃source information fusion assessment method for rock mass integrity and dissolution degree in karst areas. (Method) The results show that the various types of information at the same location are interrelated, and the differences in the presentation forms of the information only arise from the different exploration methods and information sources; there are significant differences in the geological characteristics of rock masses in different strata of the study area, and the corresponding characteristic manifestations of information from various exploration methods also vary, which affects the evaluation of rock mass integrity and dissolution degree using multi⁃source exploration information. The proposed method was trained with 1 073 samples and tested with 118 samples. The consistency rates for integrity assessment in the training set/test set reached 95.67%/94.92%, and the consistency rates for dissolution degree assessment in the training set/test set reached 98.02%/97.46%. Moreover, the results are in good agreement with the field targeted re⁃exploration and verification results. (Result) Compared with traditional methods, the proposed approach achieves higher accuracy, finer resolution, and improved automation, while effectively accounting for stratigraphic geological features. It provides a practical and efficient tool for evaluating engineering rock mass quality in karst⁃area pumped storage projects.
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中国地质大学(武汉)教学实验室开放基金项目(SKJ2023002)
中国地质大学(武汉)教学实验室开放基金项目(SKJ2024002)
企业技术服务研究项目(03⁃Q⁃Q⁃2023⁃025)
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