面向深度学习的川滇地区震例多源地球物理参数数据集及应用
余腾 , 向健斌 , 朱益民 , 张丹丹 , 赵一霖
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (01) : 116 -129.
面向深度学习的川滇地区震例多源地球物理参数数据集及应用
Multi-Source Geophysical Parameter Dataset of Earthquake Cases in Sichuan-Yunnan Region for Deep Learning and Its Application
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川滇地区新构造运动和地震活动强烈.近20年来积累了大量的地球物理观测资料,其中4.5级及以上地震由于其造成震损大而格外受到关注.深度学习技术基于数据驱动可以挖掘数据隐含特征,如震区地球物理参数特征及变化方式与中强震发生关联性,而以地震事件为单个样本的地震波检测数据集较丰富而地球物理背景数据集目前较为缺少.以川滇地区近20年的4.5级及以上的798个震例数据为基础,搜集了以震源为中心一定空间范围内与发震关联性较强的历史地震目录、重力、断层、地壳速度、地壳厚度、莫霍面深度、岩性和地下水等资料,通过计算、清洗和归一化等数据处理手段制作成了带标注的数据集.为了保证正、负例样本的平衡性,同样选取了与正例数量相等的不显著发震(3级及以下,与4.5级及以上地震能量相差悬殊)同区域的地球物理资料并制作了带标注的负例数据集;对数据集中正例、负例及数据组成进行了阐述,基于准确率、召回率等评估指标对数据集在4种经典的学习模型中使用效果进行分析,均可达到80%左右的准确率.最后通过在其他地区进行迁移学习方式验证了数据集的质量,并不低于数据集测试集的精度,这些表明构建的数据集具有良好的质量、适用性及泛化性,可为其他的深度学习地震学数据集的构建提供借鉴.
The Sichuan-Yunnan region is characterized by intense neotectonic movements and seismic activities. Over the past two decades, a large amount of geophysical observation data have been accumulated. Among them, earthquakes with magnitudes ≥4.5 are particularly concerned due to the significant damage they cause. Deep learning technology, based on the principle of data-driven, can mine the implicit features among data, such as the correlation between geophysical parameter characteristics and their variations and the occurrence of moderate to strong earthquakes. However, while seismic event-based single-sample seismic wave detection datasets are abundant, geophysical background datasets are currently relatively scarce.Based on this, in this article it uses the dataset of 798 earthquakes with magnitudes ≥4.5 that occurred in the Sichuan-Yunnan region over the past 20 years. Historical earthquake catalogs, gravity, faults, crustal velocity, crustal thickness, Moho depth, lithology, and groundwater with strong correlation to earthquake occurrence within a certain spatial range centered on the earthquake source were collected. Through data processing methods such as calculation, cleaning, and normalization, an annotated dataset was created. In order to ensure the balance of positive and negative samples, it also selected geophysical data from the same region with an equal number of non-significant earthquakes (magnitude 3 and below, which have a significant energy difference from earthquakes above magnitude 4.5) as positive examples, and created a labeled negative example dataset. Examples, negative examples, and data composition were elaborated based on accuracy. The evaluation indicators such as recall rate were used to analyze the performance of the dataset in four classic learning models, all of which achieved an accuracy of about 80%. Finally, the quality of the dataset was verified through transfer learning in other regions, which was not lower than the accuracy of the dataset testset. These indicate that the constructed dataset has good quality, applicability, and generalization. This article can provide reference for the construction of other deep learning seismology datasets.
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国家自然科学基金项目(41274009)
国家自然科学基金项目(41574022)
宿迁市科技计划项目(K202340)
宿迁市科技计划项目(K201914)
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