南堡凹陷斜坡带下古生界潜山储层特征与发育模式
Reservoir Characteristics and Development Model of Lower Paleozoic Carbonate Buried Hill in Slope Zone of Nanpu Sag
下古生界潜山储层非均质性强、发育机制不清严重制约其勘探成效.运用岩心、成像测井及分析化验等资料,开展了南堡凹陷斜坡带下古生界碳酸盐岩储层特征、主控因素和分布规律研究.结果表明,研究区发育 “表生岩溶”和“缝溶体”两类储层.“表生岩溶”储层储集空间以小型溶蚀孔洞为主,集中分布于构造高部位和潜山顶部 100 m内;“缝溶体”储层主要储集空间为裂缝,展布范围广,且储层段一般超过150 m.岩石类型是储层发育物质基础,灰岩和云质灰岩类为岩溶成储的优势岩性;裂缝是储层发育核心要素,缝网系统为大气水的溶蚀提供通道;古地貌是储层发育关键条件,上斜坡是岩溶作用有利位置.由此,建立了“岩性‒构造‒古地貌”三元耦合储层发育机制.
The strong heterogeneity and unclear development mechanism of the Lower Paleozoic buried hill reservoir seriously restrict its exploration effect. In this paper, the characteristics, main controlling factors and distribution rules of the Lower Paleozoic carbonate reservoirs in the slope zone of Nanpu sag were studied by using core, imaging logging and analytical test data. The results show that the study area develops two types of reservoirs : “supergene karst” and “fracture karst”. The reservoir space of “supergene karst” reservoir is dominated by small dissolution pores, which are concentrated in the high part of the structure and the top of the buried hill within 100 m. The main reservoir space of the ‘fracture-dissolved body’ reservoir is fractures, with a wide range of distribution, and the reservoir section is generally more than 150 m. Rock type is the material basis of reservoir development, and limestone and dolomitic limestone are the dominant lithology of karst reservoir. Fracture is the core element of reservoir development, and the fracture network system provides a channel for the dissolution of atmospheric water. Paleogeomorphology is the key condition for reservoir development, and the upper slope is a favorable location for karstification. Therefore, the development mechanism of “lithology-structure-paleogeomorphology” three-element coupling reservoir is established.
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