Objective The effects of sand cover thickness, rainfall intensity, and slope on the formation of water flow, sediment yield, moisture change, and slip in a binary sand and soil structure on loess slopes were analyzed to inform the control and prevention of soil erosion in the wind-water complex erosion area. Methods Quantitative analysis was conducted based on laboratory rainfall simulation experiments, through which the processes of runoff, sediment production, erosion, and sliding, as well as spatiotemporal variations in water content on sand-covered loess slopes, were investigated. Results ① Sliding phenomena on sand-covered loess slopes were more likely to occur under prolonged rainfall. Moreover, the time of sliding occurrence was delayed on slopes with thicker sand cover, whereas increased rainfall intensity and steeper slopes accelerated sliding. Sediment yield from sliding increased with higher rainfall intensity and steeper slope. ② The variation rate of soil water storage was collectively influenced by sand thickness, rainfall intensity, and slope gradient, and increases significantly with an increase in these three factors. ③ The variation in sand saturation could be divided into three stages: rapid increase, stable state, and renewed growth. ④ Variations in soil saturation indicated that the critical conditions for sliding were influenced by sand thickness, rainfall intensity, and slope gradient. Conclusion Sliding on sand-covered loess slopes is substantially influenced by soil saturation, which is controlled by sand thickness, rainfall intensity, and slope gradient.
文献参数: 韩奇隆, 吕博, 陈力.覆沙黄土坡面沙层滑移对水分变化的响应机理[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(4):1-9. Citation:Han Qilong, Lü Bo, Chen Li. Mechanism of sand-layer sliding induced by water content changes on sand covered loess slopes [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(4):1-9.
(3) 再次增长阶段。这一阶段沙层的饱和度重新开始升高直至饱和或接近饱和状态,但相比于第一阶段的增长速度略慢,而黄土层饱和度依然相对保持稳定,表明充分供水条件下沙层的稳定入渗率要大于黄土层的稳定入渗率,在一定时刻后,黄土层入渗率小于沙土交界面的供水率,水分在沙层和黄土界面累积,并可能产生侧向流动,形成潜流。当沙层蓄水容量充满后沙层表面产生地表产流,其整个过程符合蓄满产流的特点,与Fox G A等[25]发现高渗透性土层内的产流需要达到一定的水头条件后才发生的研究结果一致。部分试验中(试验2,3,4),沙层滑移的影响范围到达或向上延伸至下坡甚至中坡土壤水分观测剖面处,使该处土壤水分饱和度迅速降低,形成又一个阶段。
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