Objective The performance of ecological compensation policy implementation was scientifically evaluated in the Three-River-Source National Park. Existing problems and actual ecological benefits were analyzed during the implementation process in order to provide a decision-making basis for optimizing government ecological compensation policies. Methods Based on the theory of public value, a comprehensive evaluation index system covering the two dimensions of the perception of the policy implementation process and ecological outcomes was constructed from the perspective of herders. The implementation process was assessed based on four core dimensions: fairness, participation, efficiency, and sustainability. The ecological outcomes were measured using five indicators: policy compliance rate, vegetation growth conditions, soil and water conservation improvement rate, vegetation cover change, and spatial evenness. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each indicator. Results ① The overall performance score of the policy implementation process in the Three-River-Source National Park was 0.646, indicating relatively good performance; ② There were certain differences between counties, with Zhiduo and Zaduo counties scoring relatively low, while the overall ecological outcome performance score was 0.623, which was considered good; ③ The performance differences among counties suggest that more attention had been paid to ecological outcomes, while less emphasis had been placed on the management of the implementation process. Conclusion Future improvements in ecological compensation policies should emphasize the implementation process to better coordinate policy execution and ecological outcomes, ultimately enhancing the public value of ecological protection and the wellbeing of herders.
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