Objective The spatio-temporal variation characteristics of temperature and precipitation in the Pearl River basin from 1993 to 2022 were analyzed, and to the future extreme climate changes were estimated and predicted,in order to provide a scientific basis for the prediction of climate change and disaster prevention and mitigation in the basin. Methods This study selected temperature and precipitation data from 51 meteorological stations in the Pearl River basin from 1993 to 2022 and used statistical methods such as Mann-Kendall test and ordinary Kriging interpolation to analyze the changes in temperature and precipitation. Based on the shared socioeconomic pathway 1 〔SSP1-2.6 (with a radiative forcing level of 2.6 W/m² by 2100)〕 scenario, extreme climate events during 2023—2050 were predicted. Results ① The temperature showed an upward trend temporally, and precipitation also showed an upward trendexcept annually and during summer. ② Spatially the temperatures were relatively uniform in winter but exhibited significant regional differences in the other three seasons. Overall, precipitation was higher in the east and southeast and lower in the west and northwest. ③ Under the SSP1-2.6 scenario, the maximum daily temperature extremes and minimum daily temperature extremes and the maximum number of consecutive rainless days showed a non-significant upward trend, and the precipitation on extremely wet days showed a non-significant downward trend during 2023—2025. ④ Spatially, the maximum daily temperature decreased from the central region to the surrounding areas, and extremely high values of precipitation on extremely wet days were observed in the central-southern region during 2023—2025. The minimum daily temperature extremes decrease from the southeast to the northwest, whereas the maximum number of consecutive rainless days decreased from the central-southern regions to other areas. Conclusion From 1993 to 2022 the Pearl River basin has shown a ‘warm and humid’ trend; Under the SSP1-2.6 pathway, extreme climate events will be mere complex hybrid and locally prominent during 2023—2025.
文献参数: 刘友存, 徐博锐, 陈旭青, 等.1993—2022年珠江流域气温与降水时空变化及其极值预测[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):255-266. Citation:Liu Youcun, Xu Borui, Chen Xuqing, et al. Spatiotemporal variations in temperature and precipitation from 1993 to 2022 and prediction of their extreme values in Pearl River basin [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):255-266.
式中:UF k 为标准正态分布,它是按时间序列x的顺序(x1,x2…xn )计算出的统计量序列,给定显著性水平α,查正态分布表,若UF α >Uα,则表明序列存在明显的趋势变化。再按时间序列X的逆序(xn, xn-1,xn-2…x1),重复上述过程,令逆统计量UB k :
本研究取一般显著性水平为α=0.05,则有临界值U0.05=±1.96;这是一个用于拒绝原假设的阈值,以平衡检验的敏感性和可靠性[26]。若UF k 和UB k 的值大于0,表示该序列呈现上升的趋势,小于0表示该序列呈现下降的趋势;若超过临界直线时,则表明有显著的上升或下降趋势;若UF k 和UB k 在临界线之间出现交点,则该交点所对应的时间是突变开始的时间。
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