Objective The production-living-ecological functions (PLEF) in western Jilin Province were evaluated, and the evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) among these functions were revealed, in order to provide a reference for the rational development of the PLEF in this region. Methods Using the multi-indicator comprehensive method and CCD model, this study evaluated the PLEF and their spatiotemporal evolution characteristics in western Jilin Province from 2000 to 2023, and analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of the CCD among the PLEF, production—living functions (PLF), production—ecological functions (PEF), and living—ecological functions (LEF) from 2000 to 2023. Results ① From 2000 to 2023, the PLEF in western Jilin Province showed a significant upward trend, increasing from 20.34 to 44.19 with a growth rate of 66.22%. Specifically, the production function increased with fluctuations by 105.90%, the living function increased by 139.07%, and the ecological function grew by 14.63%. ② From 2000 to 2023, the PLEF and the growth of each function in western Jilin showed significant spatial differences. The comprehensive scores were dominated by increases in the southeastern and central regions. The production function exhibited an evolution pattern of high values in the east and low values in the west, followed by polarization. The living function initially led in the eastern and northern regions and later in the eastern and central parts. The ecological function transitioned from a pattern of increase in the south and decrease in the north to a progressive increase in the southwestern region. ③ The overall CCD showed an upward trend, increasing by 0.16 from 2000 to 2023, rising from a basically coordinated level to a moderately coordinated level. ④ Spatially, the coupling coordination level of the PLEF exhibited a pattern centered on Ningjiang District and Taobei District, gradually decreasing towards the surrounding areas. The coupling coordination level of the PLF showed a pattern of high in the east and low in the west with clustered aggregation. The coupling coordination level of the PEF generally showed an improvement from the surrounding areas towards the urban districts. The coupling coordination level of the LEF showed a fluctuating upward trend, overall showing a gradual improvement from the northeast to the southwest. Conclusion The western Jilin region should enhance the economic radiation and driving effect of Ningjiang District and Taobei District, improve the production and living functions of surrounding areas, while continuing to maintain a strong emphasis on ecological functions.
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