Objective The mechanisms underlying the responses of vegetation coverage measures to hydrothermal patterns and temporal stability of surface soil on Benggang collapsing gully walls were analyzed, in order to provide a theoretical basis and predictive parameters for evaluating the efficacy of ecological restoration of stable Benggang collapsing gully walls. Methods Collapsing gully walls in Hetian Town, Changting County, Fujian Province, were subjected to two treatments, namely, planting Paspalum wettsteinii on the gully walls (grass-growing treatment) and maintaining the original bare collapsing gully walls (control). To compare differences in the spatial distribution characteristics of soil water and heat under the two treatments, as well as indicators of soil moisture temporal stability, we monitored the dynamic changes in soil moisture and temperature in the 0—20 cm soil surface layer. Results Throughout the period of monitoring, the average soil temperature under the grass treatment with P. wettsteinii was 20.93 ℃, which was significantly lower than that of the bare control soil (22.26 ℃). Moreover, the ranges of temperature fluctuation on the upper and lower slopes under grass cover (23.76 ℃ and 21.95 ℃, respectively) were both lower than corresponding values for the bare slope (25.32 ℃ and 26.36 ℃, respectively). In addition, the annual average soil moisture content under the grass treatment (18.77 g/kg) was approximately 38.11% higher than that of the bare control (13.59 g/kg). Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed that the mean correlation coefficient (ρ) of soil moisture under grass cover (0.41) was significantly higher than the 0.18 value obtained for bare land, thus indicating enhanced spatial consistency. However, vegetation coverage was found to alter soil moisture cycling, increasing the frequency of dry-wet alternations, as indicated by higher values for the mean relative difference (MRD), standard deviation, and temporal stability index (ITS) under the grass treatment compared with those of the bare land control. Specifically, in response to the grass treatment, we obtained values of 19.27%, 22.57%, and 29.68% for the average MRD, standard deviation, and ITS respectively, on the downslope, whereas on the upslope, the corresponding values were 10.48%, 12.47%, and 16.29%. In contrast, under the control treatment, we obtained MRD, standard deviation, and ITS values of -13.43%, 16.05%, and 20.93%, respectively, on the upslope, and corresponding values of -16.32%, 9.33%, and 18.80% on the downslope. Conclusion By reducing temperature, increasing moisture content, and enhancing spatial similarity, the grass-growing treatment assessed in this study contributed to considerable improvements in the water and heat dynamics of the surface soil on collapsing gully walls. However, this treatment also intensified short-term fluctuations in soil moisture and reduced soil temporal stability.
文献参数: 汪磊, 杨茂进, 周家贵, 等.宽叶雀稗种植对稳定型崩岗崩壁表层土壤水热动态的影响[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):12-22. Citation:Wang Lei, Yang Maojin, Zhou Jiagui, et al. Effects of Paspalum wettsteinii plantation on surface soil water and heat dynamics in stabilized Benggang collapsing gully walls [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):12-22.
(4) 时间稳定性指数。时间稳定性指数(index of time stability, ITS)是综合MDR和标准差的指标,ITS可同时反映某点土壤水分的长期代表性与短期波动性,是一种更为全面和客观的时间稳定性评价指标,可清晰识别出高稳定性代表点,用于评估土壤水分的整体时间稳定性。ITS越小,时间稳定性越强,其土壤含水率越能代表评估区域土壤含水率的平均水平[19]。其计算公式为
本研究中所有试验数据均采用 Microsoft Excel 2016进行整理,将每天每小时测得的24组数据取平均,计算得出日均值。土壤温度和水分数据均以日均值为基础,用于年际动态变化的分析与描述,并利用SPSS软件对数据统计分析,采用单因素方差分析进行差异显著性检验,显著性水平设定为p=0.05。文中数据图均采用Origin 2021绘制。
DengYusong, CaiChongfa. Progress of survey, monitoring, and control technology of Benggang erosion in red soil hilly area [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2025,62(2):322-333.
LiaoYishan, TangChangyuan, YuanZaijian, et al. Research progress on Benggang erosion and its prevention measure in red soil region of southern China [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2018,55(6):1297-1312.
[5]
LiaoYishan, YuanZaijian, ZhengMingguo, et al. The spatial distribution of Benggang and the factors that influence it [J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2019,30(18):2323-2335.
YangTing, ChenXiaobing, XuHao, et al. Influence of pepper roots on the spatial movement differentiation of soil moisture in farmland [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2023,39(13):141-150.
GanFeifei, ZhaoLijun, HuoCancan, et al. Effects of light and water availability on the growth of Aglaia duperreana seedlings [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024,35(2):439-446.
WangBo, DuanYuxi, WangWeifeng, et al. Spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture content during vegetation succession in sand-binding areas [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020,37(4):881-889.
WuZeyu, XueLiang, ZhangXiansong, et al. Spatial variability of soil moisture under typical vegetation types on karst dolomite slope in dry season [J]. Forest Research, 2021,34(4):74-83.
[14]
ZhangYue, ZhaoDongfeng, LinJinshi, et al. Impacts of collapsing gullies on the dynamics of soil organic carbon in the red soil hilly region of southeast China [J]. Catena, 2020,190:104547.
DuWenzhi, ChenChaoqun, PangXueyong, et al. Research progress on vegetation restoration of road slopes in China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023,34(12):3437-3446.
JiangTao, ZhengWenge, YuXinxiao, et al. Leaf water absorption of Platycladus orientalis under drought stress in Beijing [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022,42(4):1429-1440.
ZhaoFugui, ZhangLong, LiDan, et al. Effects of tillage with mulching on soil water and temperature and potato yield on the dry farmland of southern Ningxia under different climate year types [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023,49(10):2806-2819.
WangYingyu. Water distribution characteristics of highway slope greening under irrigation and rainfall conditions [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018,32(4):128-132.
XiChenggang, WangLiang, NiDong, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture of highway slope in loess area [J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019,36(5):36-42.
LiYuyuan, ShaoMingan. Degradation process and plant diversity of alfalfa grassland in north Loess Plateau of China [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005,16(12):2321-2327.
WangZhongqi, TangXiaodi, DuKang, et al. Annual-seasonal dynamics of soil water content in 10 m soil profiles under different land use types in the Loess Tableland region [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2024,44(20):9329-9341.
HeKaiwen, HuangYanhe, JiangFangshi, et al. Effects of two types of herb plants’ roots on soil moisture in the alluvial soil in Changting County [J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017,15(4):25-34.
WuFei, LiDianyun, XiaDong, et al. Summary of comprehensive governance patterns of granite collapsing gully in southern China [J]. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2016,55(16):4081-4084.
ZhouXinlong, HuKaimeng, GuKai, et al. Temporal stability of soil moisture under slope protection by vegetation [J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2023,45(11):2357-2366.
XiaoLiang, XiongDonghong, ZhangBaojun, et al. Effect of kudzu coverage on soil moisture and temperature in the gully bank of the dry-hot valley region [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(2):646-656.
WangJun, GuoJinlong, ZhangYongwang, et al. The correlation between soil temperature and water content during the natural vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,36(2):130-137.
RenHongwu, WangXing, WenLü, et al. Soil moisture characteristics of artificial Caragana korshinskii Kom. woodland and Medicago sativa L. field in loess hilly area of southern Ningxia [J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,32(2):158-166.
CaoYan, LiuFeng, BaoRui, et al. Soil and water conservation benefits of hedgerows in sloping cropland in hilly region of southwest China:A review [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017,31(4):57-63.
ShanYulin, XieJiancang, HanJichang, et al. Soil moisture characteristics and temporal stability on the slope of the Loess Plateau:A case study of Jiulongquan ditch in Yan’an City [J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,19(6):1-7.
LiuZebin, WangYanhui, XuLihong, et al. Temporal stability of soil moisture on a slope covered by Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in liupan mountains [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017,31(1):153-159.
[49]
PariharC M, NayakH S, RaiV K, et al. Soil water dynamics, water productivity and radiation use efficiency of maize under multi-year conservation agriculture during contrasting rainfall events [J]. Field Crops Research, 2019,241:107570.
LiuLe, SunHongyi, CaiZhonglan, et al. Preliminary study on the soil moisture of slopes of loess in Lanzhou New Area formed by engineering excavation in the early stage of revegetation [J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2020,42(3):1007-1016.
LiHonglin, ZhouLangming, XueJing, et al. Responses of common species from alpine swamp meadow to different soil water condition [J]. Ecological Science, 2023,42(4):1-8.