Objective The effects of different types of land being converted into cultivated land on soil nutrients were analyzed, in order to provide the theoretical basis for the improvement of soil nutrient status of newly cultivated land. Methods Taking the newly added cultivated land turned from different types of land (rural homesteads, shrub woodland, arbor woodland, funeral land, and other grasslands) in Funing County as a sample land, and dryland as the control, a crop planting experiment was carried out, the planting crop was Huimin 380 corn, and the sample plots were uniformly managed during the experiment. By measuring the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and pH value of cultivated land, to investigate the impact of different types of land being converted into cultivated land on soil nutrients. Results The total nitrogen content of the soil was 548—1251.83 mg/kg, the available phosphorus content was 0.46—6.67 mg/kg, respectively. the available potassium content was 97.67—209.33 mg/kg, the organic matter content was 8.14—26.83 g/kg, and the pH value was 4.6—7.7. There were significant differences in soil nutrients between different use types of land converted to new cultivated land (p<0.05). The total nitrogen and organic matter content of cultivated land converted from rural homesteads was the highest, and it belonged to neutral soil. The available potassium content of cultivated land converted from shrub was the highest, and the nutrient indexes of soil of new cultivated land converted from grassland was the lowest. The comprehensive soil fertility index (IFI) of the dryland control in the study area was higher (IFI=0.73 > 0.5), and the soil comprehensive fertility index of the newly added cultivated land was low (mean IFI=0.382<0.5). Soil pH value was a limiting factor of soil fertility in the study area. There was a deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in the newly cultivated soil, especially the soil available phosphorus content was only 0.7%~9.7% of that of dryland control. Conclusion The overall nutrient content of the newly added cultivated land was low, and the contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter were significantly lower than those of the dryland control. There were significant differences in soil nutrients between different use types of land converted to new cultivated land, and the nutrient indexes of new cultivated land converted from grassland was the lowest. Improving soil pH value and available phosphorus content are the keys to improving the soil quality of newly added cultivated land. The method of organic fertilizer combined with phosphorus fertilizer is a feasible strategy to improve the nutrient status of new cultivated land in the study area.
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