1.The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,Chinese;Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and;Desertification Control,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ;100049,China
3.Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources;Commission,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China
4.Small and Medium-sized Rivers and Mountain;Torrent Disasters Observation and Research Station for Southwest Mountainous Areas,Ministry of Water;Resources,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China
5.College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
6.Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan,Hubei 430051,China
7.Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station of Fujian Province,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China
Objective Soil erosion patterns in different typical regions in Fujian Province were investigated under the combined effects of multiple factors such as topography and geomorphology, vegetation coverage, and land use, in order to provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for soil erosion control and high-quality development in this region. Methods Based on 2 m high-resolution remote sensing images, land use interpretation was conducted for four typical regions of Fujian Province, namely northwest Fujian, northeast Fujian, southwest Fujian, and southeast Fujian. The Chinese soil loss equation model was used to calculate soil erosion in 2024, and a comparative analysis was carried out based on influencing factors such as land use type, elevation, slope, and vegetation coverage, thereby clarifying the soil erosion characteristics of different regions in Fujian Province. Results ① The results showed that forest land accounted for the largest proportion of the total land area in Fujian Province (73.36%), while its soil erosion ratio was relatively low (5.51%). In contrast, the areas of garden plots, grassland, and construction land accounted for smaller proportions of the total land area, but their soil erosion ratios were relatively high (16.98%—21.54%). ② The elevation of various regions in Fujian Province was mainly below 1 000 m, with soil erosion ratios ranging from 5.15% to 9.18%. Among them, the soil erosion ratio in the southeast Fujian region increased significantly above 1 200 m. The average slope of all regions in the province was below 20°, with the southeast Fujian region exhibiting the lowest average slope of 14.87°. Across the province, 87.85%—93.91% of the soil erosion area occurred in regions with slopes ≤ 35°. ③ Overall, the soil erosion area in various regions generally showed an increasing trend with increasing vegetation coverage. In addition, the erosion ratio of forest land gradually decreased as vegetation coverage increased, while the erosion ratio of garden plots gradually decreased in most regions, except in the southeast Fujian region, where it increased with increasing vegetation coverage. Conclusion The soil erosion characteristics of different land use types in Fujian Province are affected by multiple factors, such as slope, elevation, and vegetation coverage. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the soil erosion control of garden plots, grassland, and construction land, and different regions need to carry out targeted control based on specific soil erosion characteristics.
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