1.Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China
2.State Key Laboratory for Fine Explorationand Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China
Objective The spatial heterogeneity patterns of soil particle size and erodibility (K) in the Yuli-Shenmu-Fugu region (Yushenfu) coal mining areas and their driving mechanisms were analyzed, in order to provide a theoretical basis for differentiated ecological restoration in mining areas. Methods Seven typical coal mining areas along a north-south gradient in the Yushenfu coal mining area, along with the Hongjiannao Nature Reserve as a control area, were selected. By integrating measured data from 0—200 cm soil profiles and remote sensing data, this study systematically analyzed the spatial distribution patterns of fractal dimension and K value, as well as their influencing factors. Results ① Soil particle size and K value showed a distribution pattern of ‘southern part < northern part’ and ‘sandy grassland < loess hilly region’. In the southern aeolian sand region, the proportion of sand particles exceeded 85%, the fractal dimension was as low as 2.18—2.22, and the K value was lowest at 0.25—0.28. In the central and northern loess hilly regions, the proportions of clay and silt particles increased, the fractal dimension rose to 2.32—2.35, and the K value increased to 0.26—0.32. ② Erosion dynamics showed differentiated driving effects: the wind erosion modulus was significantly negatively correlated with the soil fractal dimension (p<0.05), as wind erosion preferentially transported fine particles, leading to soil coarsening and reduced erodibility. The water erosion modulus showed a significant positive correlation with the contents of silt, sand, total phosphorus, and total potassium (p<0.05), with its high-value areas mostly distributed in the loessal soil zone, indicating the synergistic transport of fine particles and nutrients by water erosion. ③ The regulation of environmental factors followed a parent material-dominated sequence, with parent material accounting for 45.9% of the explanatory contribution, followed by moisture content (12%), vegetation cover (2.1%), and slope factor (1.8%). The impact of coal mining disturbance on particle size and K value at the regional scale did not reach significant levels, as its effects were effectively buffered by the self-repair capacity of surface sandy soil and the ‘simultaneous mining and restoration’ strategy. Conclusion The spatial heterogeneity of soil particle size and erodibility in the Yushenfu coal mining areas is primarily controlled by the coupling effect of parent material and erosion dynamics. The impact of mining disturbance is mitigated at the macro-scale by natural and artificial restoration mechanisms. Based on this, it is recommended that the wind erosion-dominated southern area should adopt sand fixation-focused management strategies, while the central and northern area with mixed water and wind erosion should prioritize vegetation restoration and surface cover.
文献参数: 李晗, 毕银丽.榆神府典型煤矿区土壤粒径和可蚀性的分布特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持通报,2026,46(1):250-259. Citation:Li Han, Bi Yinli. Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil particle size and erodibility in typical coal mining areas of Yuli-Shenmu-Fugu region [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,46(1):250-259.
SongShijie, SunTao, DuLin, et al. Influence of different forms of mining ground fissures on soil erodibility in northern Shaanxi coal mining area [J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2023,48():691-703.
ZhangEzhen, YuanLimin, MengZhongju, et al. Characteristics of soil texture and water-holding capacity of blowout pits in the Hulunbuir grassland [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,39(4):225-234.
[5]
TianShimin, LiZhiwei, WangZhaoyin, et al. Mineral composition and particle size distribution of river sediment and loess in the middle and lower Yellow River [J]. International Journal of Sediment Research, 2021,36(3):392-400.
[6]
LiuJilong, ZhangLingling, FuQiang, et al. Spatial variability of soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity in farmland [J]. Transactions of the ASABE, 2018,61(2):591-601.
YangPeiling, LuoYuanpei, ShiYuanchun. Fractal characteristics of soil characterized by weight distribution of particle size [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1993,38(20):1896-1899.
HeJun. Characteristics of soil particle size evolution during restoration of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in Mu Us sandy land [J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,30(4):110-114.
RaoLiangyi, XuYeqin, HuJianru, et al. Study on soil erodibilty factor K on soil cover area of Pisha sandstone region [J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2020,28(4):763-773.
[14]
WilliamsJ R. EPIC-erosion/productivity impact calculator:1. Model documentation [J]. Technical Bulletin United States Department of Agriculture, 1990,4(4):206-207.
[15]
YanBinghe, ZhangYulan, ZangShuying, et al. Distributions of particle sizes in black soil and their environmental significance in Northeast China [J]. Sustainability, 2021,13(7):3706.
ZhuBingbing, HuoYunpei, ZhouZhengchao. Research progress in impact of vegetation pattern on soil erosion in the slope-gully system of the Loess Plateau [J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,19(4):149-156.
SongShijie, SunTao, ZhengBeibei, et al. Effect of coal mining subsidence on loess slope morphology and soil erosion in loess gully region of northern Shaanxi [J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2023,51(2):422-435.
ZhuQiming, LiuJune, ZhouZhengchao. Research on the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil erodibility factors of the Loess Plateau [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,37(6):50-56.
ShaGuoliang, WeiTianxing, ChenYuxuan, et al. Characteristics of soil particle size distribution of typical plant communities on the hilly areas of Loess Plateau [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022,45(4):1224-1234.
YangLu, LiuXiaofang, JuJiamin, et al. Effects of Caragana korshinskii plantation on soil aggregate stability and erodibility on loess slopes [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024,44(3):46-55.
LiuHuanyu, ShiPeijun, WangYongfang. The impact of open-pit mining on soil erosion in the mining area of Ordos Plateau in China [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,39(4):81-90.
ZhaoLongfei, QinFucang, DongXiaoyu, et al. Assessing soil particle size and nutrients of two Nitraria tangutorum nebkha habitats in Tengger Desert [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,45(3):213-223.
ZhouYanguang, WuZifeng, HuRina, et al. Characteristics of soil wind erosion in new reclaimation land of Mu Us sandy land, China [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020,36(1):138-147.
FengJiaxin, WangHaibing, LiuXiya, et al. Characteristics of changes in factors influencing wind erosion and erodibility of soils in Mu Us sandland during desertification reversal [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,43(6):1-9.
ZhaoMeng’en, YanQingwu, LiuZhengting, et al. Analysis of temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of soil erosion in Ordos City [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(6):1819-1831.
LiPengfei, CaoKai, HuJinfei, et al. The spatial heterogeneity and mechanisms of hillslope erosion under different rainfall intensities in hilly and gully Loess Plateau [J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,32(1):1-12.
[38]
ZhangPeng, LiLong, WangJing, et al. Effects of hydraulic erosion on the spatial redistribution characteristics of soil aggregates and SOC on Pisha sandstone slope [J]. Sustainability, 2023,15(17):13276.
[39]
DanYang, LiPengfei, HoldenJ, et al. PESERA-LP: A coarse-scale process-based fluvial erosion model for topographically complex regions [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2025,655:132923.
WangLong, GaoGuanglei, ZhangYing, et al. Particle size distribution of aeolian soils in the Mu Us sandy land and the influence factors [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019,42(5):1003-1010.
SunDonghuai, LuHuayu, ReaD, et al. Bimode grain-size distribution of Chinese loess and its paleoclimate implication [J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000,18(3):327-335.
BaiRuru, ZhangJiaqiong, DengXinxin, et al. Influence of wind erosion on water erosion characteristics of sandy loam on windward loess slopes in the wind-water erosion crisscross region of Loess Plateau [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,36(3):30-36.
WangYuanyuan, LiYanrong. Investigation of microstructure of Malan loess based on the classification in terms of skeletal particles and matrices [J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 2025,56(5):944-952.
[48]
LiuZhen, SunHao, LinKe, et al. Occurrence regularity of silt-clay minerals in wind eroded deserts of northwest China [J]. Sustainability, 2021,13(5):2998.
HuangWanyun, ZhaoYunge, LiuBaoyuan, et al. Response of soil erodibility on the Loess Plateau to the grain to green program [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,37(4):94-100.
[51]
ChibesaM C, MonoshynD, PuschenreiterM, et al. Silicon solubilisation from soil minerals and soil by root exudate compounds [J]. Geoderma, 2025,459:117375.
[52]
ZouXinyu, ZhangZhuodong, WuMengyao, et al. Slope-scale spatial variability of fractal dimension of soil particle size distribution at multiple depths [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2021,85(1):117-131.
HuZhenqi, XiaoWu, ZhaoYanling. Re-discussion on coal mine eco-environment concurrent mining and reclamation [J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020,45(1):351-359.
WangLixin, ChenZhuoxin, GuoMingming, et al. Soil erodibility and its influencing factors of erosion gully banks under different land use types in the typical black soil region of northeast China [J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2025,32(3):18-27.
WangShuangming, DuLin, SongShijie. Influence of mining ground fissures on soil erodibility in northern Shaanxi coal mining area of Yellow River Basin [J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2021,46(9):3027-3038.