1.School of Civil Engineering,Putian University,Putian,Fujian 351100,China
2.Dunhuang Gobi Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dunhuang,Gansu 736200,China
3.Wuhan Business University,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China
Objective The transport patterns of wind-blown sand around railway bridges and the characteristics of sand accumulation on bridge surfaces under different horizontal curve radii in sandy regions were revealed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the design of wind-blown sand protection of railway bridges in sandy regions. Methods Based on field-measured wind dynamic environment data, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed, and the Eulerian two-fluid model was used to simulate the flow field around a railway bridge and sand accumulation on the bridge surface under an incoming wind velocity of 9 m/s, a clearance height of 5 m, and horizontal curve radii (R) of 200 m, 400 m, and 600 m. Results The numerical simulation results revealed that: ① the flow field around the railway bridge exhibited distinct functional zones (deceleration zone, acceleration zone, and vortex zone), and the extent of these zones was influenced by the bridge curvature.② The geometric shape of the windward side of the bridge (convex or concave facing the wind) produced either a guiding or converging effect on the wind-blown sand flow, which was a key factor influencing sand accumulation distribution on the railway bridge surface. ③ With increasing horizontal curve radius, the wind speed distribution across the bridge deck became more uniform, the overall sand transport capacity of the bridge increased, and the sand accumulation on the bridge surface decreased. Conclusion When designing railway bridges in sandy regions, larger horizontal curve radii should be preferentially adopted. The convex side of the bridge should be arranged as the windward side according to the prevailing wind direction, which can effectively divert wind-blown sand flow and significantly mitigate sand accumulation hazards on the bridge surface.
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