1.Inner Mongolia North Slope of Yinshan Grassland Ecological Hydrology National Field Scientific Observation and;Research Station,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020,China
2.Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Areas,Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020,China
Objective The influence of different protective measures in a spoil dump of the mining area on the wind and sand activity patterns in the near-surface layer were investigated in order to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific formulation of the technical scheme for the prevention and control of wind-sand hazards in the mining area dump. Methods Taking the spoil dump of the Wulanhada open-pit coal mine in Jungar Banner, Ordos City, as the study area, wind tunnel simulation was used to systematically measure wind speed and sediment transport rate under three protective measures of different specifications and coverage levels. Their wind protection efficiency, aerodynamic roughness, and sediment transport rate were compared and analyzed. Results Wind speed profiles under different measures followed a logarithmic distribution, and wind speed was effectively weakened by wind protection within the height range of 0—20 cm. As the specification increased, the roughness increment decreased, and the wind protection effect gradually weakened. Above 50 cm, wind protection efficiency declined rapidly. Under the same specification, the wind protection effect of Salix psammophila sand barriers was better than that of polylactic acid (PLA) sand barriers, and the 0.5 m×0.5 m specification performed best. For plant measures, wind protection efficiency gradually increased with increasing vegetation coverage. The variation of sediment transport rate with height followed a three-parameter exponential model, and its correlation coefficient (R2) was the highest among the four function models. Considering both wind speed and protecting measure specification, the best sand-blocking effect was achieved by plant measures, followed by PLA sand barriers and S. psammophila sand barriers. Conclusion The variation patterns of sediment transport rate with height follow a three-parameter exponential model. The plant measures show the best sand-blocking effect, and both wind protection efficiency and sand-blocking efficiency increase with higher vegetation coverage and denser specifications of different materials.
文献参数: 刘继业, 刘静, 邢恩德, 等.黄土丘陵区露天煤矿排土场不同措施对土壤风蚀的影响[J].水土保持通报,2026,46(4):72-84. Citation:Liu Jiye, Liu Jing, Xing Ende, et al. Influence of different measures on soil wind erosion at spoil dump of open-pit coal mine in loess hilly region [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2026,46(4):72-84.
WangHao, WangQiangmin, DongShuning, et al. Hydroecological effects of mining and its restoration ways in coal mining areas of Western China [J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2025,50(1):610-622.
GuoJianying, HeJingli, LiJinrong, et al. Effects of soil erosion and remodeling control of coal mine dump slope in prairie of Xilin Gol [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015,29(1):56-61.
YuHaochen, BianZhengfu, ChenFu, et al. Diagnosis and its regulations for land ecosystem degradation in mining area [J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2020,48(12):214-223.
SunQi, BaiZhongke, CaoYingui, et al. Ecological risk assessment of land destruction in large open-pit mine [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015,31(17):278-288.
[9]
FuShuai, BaiZhongke, YangBoyu, et al. Study on ecological loss in coal mining area based on net primary productivity of vegetation [J]. Land, 2022,11(7):1004.
ZhangLin, LuZhaohua, TangSiyi, et al. Slope vegetation characteristics and community stability at different restoration years of open-pit coal mine waste dump [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021,41(14):5764-5774.
HuoChao, LiuTianji, FanBin, et al. Study on national coal resources exploration and exploitation layout under carbon neutrality and emission peak settings [J]. Geological Review, 2022,68(3):938-944.
WangYinlong, ZhangGe, XuLi, et al. Study on windbreak effectiveness of reed curtain sand barriers on slopes of a grassland mine discharge site [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2025,46(3):30-36.
QuJianjun, ZhuZhihao, LiQihang, et al. Wind tunnel test on windbreak and sand-fixing effect of double-layer net shield sand barrier [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025,45(3):141-151.
QuJianjun, WangTao, NiuQinghe, et al. Study on weaving technology and sand control effect of brush straw checkerboard barriers [J]. Scientia Sinica (Technologica), 2024,54(8):1601-1610.
CongLongyu, XuLi, ZhangChunliang, et al. Windproof efficiency of tree branch sand barriers with different sizes at the dump area of coal mining in Inner Mongolian grassland [J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2024,39(2):141-147.
WangMaolin, SongLing, LiuJie, et al. Optimized configuration and sand control benefits of double-row high vertical nylon mesh sand barrier and grass lattice sand barrier [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024,38(1):368-377.
BaiZiyi, DongZhibao, WeigeNan, et al. Comparison of windbreak efficiency between two herbaceous plant communities [J]. Geographical Science, 2025,45(2):438-448.
MengZhongju, RenXiaomeng, GaoYong. Effect of semi-buried Salix psammophila checkerboard on wind-preventing and sand-resisting [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014,34(3):178-180.
DangXiaohong, GaoYong, YuYi, et al. The affect law on the degradable fiber checkerboard control of wind erosion and sand bury [J]. Bulletin of Science and Technology, 2015,31(5):41-46.
WangWenshu, GanXiaoxue, ZhangBinwu, et al. Analysis of windbreak and sand blocking effects and cost-effectiveness of sand barriers made of different materials [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture, 2025,40(1):5-12.
SunZhongfeng, RongJiandong, LiYingjie, et al. Experimental research of drift sand area control with the application of sand barrier [J]. Journal of Engineering of Heilongjiang University, 1998(4):55-56.
ZuoXiaofeng, ZhengFenli, ZhangJiaqiong, et al. Effect of previous sloping water erosion on soil wind erosion in typical thin layered Mollisol region [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2021,37(12):45-53.
CongLongyu, XuLi, ZhangChunliang, et al. Ecological protection effects provided by sand barriers in a grassland mining area [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,43(6):193-199.
ChangJiali, ChenZhi, ChenYan, et al. Experimental study on three typical surface wind speed profiles [J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2017(3):41-44.
LiYingkun, LiJinrong, DongLei, et al. The wind and sand resistance effect of four vegetation types in Ulan Buhe Desert [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022,42(6):65-73.
YinJie, AnJing, EerdunHasi, et al. Interaction between aeolian processes and vegetation and its landscape effect in the southern fringe of Hobq Desert [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022,42(21):8869-8880.
DangXiaohong, GaoYong, YuYi, et al. Windproof efficiency with new biodegradable PLA sand barrier and traditional straw sand barrier [J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2015,37(3):118-125.
KongLingling, DongZhibao, BaiZiyi, et al. Effects of vegetation cover and configuration on soil wind erosion based on wind tunnel experiments [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024,44(1):235-243.
LiuYanping, LiuTiejun, MengZhongju. Wind tunnel simulation test on the influence factors of wind erosion in grassland areas [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2013,33(3):668-672.
YuPeidong, ChenYinping, LiYuqiang, et al. Influence of vegetation coverage on sand flow structure and wind erosion yield with wind tunnel experiment as a case [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2019,39(5):29-36.
ZhangChunlai, SongChangqing, WangZhenting, et al. Review and prospect of the study on soil wind erosion process [J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2018,33(1):27-41.
LiuXiangjie, DangXiaohong, WangJi, et al. Characteristics of erosion and deposition of biodegradable poly lactic acid checkerboard barriers [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019,39(5):113-119.
[56]
WangTao, QuJianjun, NiuQinghe. Comparative study of the shelter efficacy of straw checkerboard barriers and rocky checkerboard barriers in a wind tunnel [J]. Aeolian Research, 2020,43:100575.
ZhouNa, ZhangChunlai, TianJinlu, et al. Flow field controlling the concave surface of the semi-buried checkerboards and its characterization by grain sizes of sediments [J]. Geographical Research, 2014,33(11):2145-2156.