HDR 实验堆压力容器-水平管道系统热分层的大涡模拟

Large eddy simulation of thermal stratification in HDR pressurized vessel-horizontal piping system

摘要

热分层现象是导致压水反应堆（pressurized water reactor，PWR）管道系统热疲劳失效的主要原因之一。旨在研究反应堆结构中热分层现象引起的管道结构瞬态热分布特征，确定热疲劳敏感点。参考 HDR （Heiss Dampf Reaktor）管道热分层实验，建立了含反应堆压力容器（reactor pressure vessel，RPV）的全尺寸 HDR 实验堆仿真模型。研究中，流场计算采用大涡模拟（large eddy simulation，LES）数值方法，以解决大尺度和小尺度的湍流运动对非稳态流动传热过程的影响，耦合固体导热方程，完成了水平管道系统共轭传热分析。结果表明：大涡模拟方法适用于热分层问题研究，对于流场及结构温度分布预测结果与实验数据吻合良好。研究确定了水平管道发生热分层现象时结构温度波动强度最大位置，该点可作为热疲劳分析敏感点。本研究数值模拟方法和分析结果可为压水堆管道系统及设备的结构完整性和安全性评估提供参考。

Abstract

Thermal stratification is identified as one of the main causes of thermal fatigue failure in piping systems of pressurized water reactor （PWR）. This study aimed to evaluate the transient thermal distribution caused by thermal stratification in the horizontal pipe of reactor structure and determine the thermal fatigue hotspots. Based on the Heiss Dampf Reaktor （HDR ）pipeline thermal stratification experiment，a full-scale HDR simulation model containing reactor pressure vessel （RPV）was established. To resolve both large and small-scale turbulent motions，the conjugate heat transfer analysis of horizontal pipeline system was conducted by using the large eddy simulation （LES）numerical method coupling with heat equation of solid. The results indicate that the large eddy simulation method is suitable for the study of thermal stratification and that the simulation results of thermal distribution are in good agreement with measurements. Fatigue hotspots were also identified by evaluating the intensity of temperature fluctuations. The methodology and the results presented in the paper provide useful reference for the integrity and safety assessment of PWR piping system.

关键词

压水反应堆 / 热分层 / 大涡模拟 / 共轭传热

Key words

pressurized water reactor / thermal stratification / large eddy simulation / conjugate heat transfer

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(11972277)

核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室基金资助项目(LRSDT2021205)