民用客机的振动传递路径试验及分析

Vibration transfer path test and analysis of the passenger aircraft

摘要

随着民用客机设计技术的发展，当今客机设计的重点开始从结构安全性向客舱舒适性过渡，振动舒适性是其中的重点因素之一。从民机乘员振动舒适性角度出发，开展了某型客机在空中巡航、低空飞行、及跑道滑跑3种运行工况下的振动传递路径试验，基于试验数据搭建了振动传递路径模型，并研究了影响客机振动舒适性的关键因素，得出了以下结论：空中巡航、低空飞行工况，客舱内振动响应主要来源于发动机转子基频和二倍频处激励与结构耦合；跑道滑跑工况，客舱内振动响应主要来源于低频范围（特别是50 Hz）左右主起落架激励与结构耦合。此次试验不仅为客机客舱的减振、隔振设计提供了依据，还填补了国内以客机全机为对象的振动舒适性测试、验证平台的空白。

Abstract

With the development of civil aircraft design technology, the focus of today's passenger aircraft design transits from structural safety to cabin comfort, of which the vibration comfort is a key factor. From the perspective of passenger vibration comfort, We carried out the vibration transfer path test of a certain type of passenger aircraft under three working conditions, namely, the cruising condition, the low-altitude flight condition, and the runway running condition. Based on the test data of these conditions, the Vibration Transfer Path models were built, and the key factors affecting the vibration comfort were studied. The following conclusions are drawn: Under the cruising and low-altitude flight condition, the cabin vibration response mainly comes from the coupling of engine rotor excitation and the structure at the fundamental frequency and the double frequency; under the runway running condition, the vibration response in the cabin comes from the coupling of the main landing gear excitation and the structure in the low frequency range (especially 50 Hz). This test not only provides a basis for the vibration reduction and isolation design of passenger cabins, but also fills the gap of the vibration comfort test and verification platform for all passenger aircraft in China.

关键词

民用客机 / 振动舒适性 / 振动传递路径试验 / 贡献量分析

Key words

civil aircraft / vibration comfort / vibration transfer path test / contribution analysis

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