单轴压缩下含双圆孔类岩石材料破坏机理研究
Study on the damage mechanism of rock-like materials containing bicircular holes under uniaxial compression
为深入认识双圆形孔洞对岩石的力学特性及裂纹扩展过程的影响,采用颗粒流程序 PFC 2D构建了含双圆孔类岩石试样的单轴压缩模型,根据试验和模拟得到的宏观力学参数的对比验证了数值模型的正确性和合理性。 然后,对含双圆孔试样的裂纹扩展过程以及圆形孔洞周围应力场的演变过程进行了分析。 结果表明:数值模拟与试验结果吻合良好;圆孔的上下两端首先萌生初始拉伸裂纹,随着轴向应力的增大,通常在孔壁左右两侧形成结构薄弱区,初始拉伸裂纹的萌生方向都为轴向加载方向,与桥角 α无关,但试样的强度和破坏形态受到桥角 α的影响;初始拉伸裂纹在受拉应力集中区萌生,随着初始拉伸裂纹的扩展,圆形孔洞上下两端的拉应力集中区域相应地移动和消散,应力分量 σyy的受压应力集中区位于圆形孔洞的左右两侧,而在圆形孔洞的上下两端则形成了一个“梭形”的压应力集中屏蔽区,且与圆形孔洞垂直中线的距离越近,屏蔽效果越强,压应力越小。
To study the effect of double circular holes on the mechanical properties of rocks and the crack extension process,a uniaxial compression model for rock specimens containing double circular holes was constructed,and the correctness and rationality of the numerical model were verified based on the comparison of the macroscopic mechanical parameters obtained from experiments and simulations.In addition,the crack extension process of specimens containing double circular holes and the evolution of the stress field around the circular holes were analyzed.The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results; the initial tensile crack first sprouts at the upper and lower ends of the circular hole,and with the increase of axial stress,structural weak zones are usually formed at the left and right sides of the hole wall.The sprouting direction of the initial tensile crack is in the axial loading direction,independent of the orientation angle α,but the damage pattern of the specimen is influenced by the orientation angle α.The initial tensile crack is generated in the tensile stress concentration area; the tensile stress concentration area at the upper and lower ends of the circular hole moves and dissipates accordingly with the expansion of the initial tensile crack.The compressive stress concentration area of the stress component σyy is located on the left and right sides of the circular hole,while a shielding area of compressive stress is formed at the upper and lower ends of the circular hole,and the smaller the distance from the vertical center line of the circular hole,the stronger the shielding effect and the weaker the compressive stress.
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(12072309)
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