离散元分析QH-E模拟月壤颗粒破碎对力学性能的影响

Discrete element analysis for the effect of particle breakage on mechanical properties of QH-E lunar soil simulant

摘要

模拟月壤是探月工程模型月壤试验的重要材料，其力学性能测试将直接影响钻探取样、月球着陆器、月球车等装置的设计，颗粒破碎是引起力学性能变化的重要因素之一。本研究以QH-E模拟月壤为研究对象，采用离散元方法通过黏结键将若干圆形颗粒黏结为一个具有不规则几何形状的颗粒体，建立了考虑QH-E模拟月壤颗粒破碎的离散元模型，开展了低应力（5～25 kPa）下含可破碎颗粒的模拟月壤双轴压缩力学性能研究。得到了低应力下QH-E模拟月壤的偏应力-轴应变、体应变-轴应变曲线，并分析了月壤在加载过程中试样内部裂纹的扩展与颗粒运动的演变特征。模拟结果表明，在双轴压缩过程中，含可破碎颗粒和不可破碎颗粒的模拟月壤试样应力-应变关系均呈现较明显的峰值应力和峰后软化现象，且含可破碎颗粒试样的峰值应力明显低于不可破碎颗粒试样。体应变-轴应变曲线在双轴压缩过程中均表现为先剪缩后剪胀的变形特征，不可破碎颗粒试样率先出现剪胀且剪胀幅度高于可破碎颗粒试样。微观分析表明随着围压的增加，试样内部裂纹逐渐增多，且剪切裂纹明显多于拉伸裂纹，并出现明显的剪切带。

Abstract

Lunar soil simulant is an important material for lunar soil test of lunar exploration project model. Its mechanical properties test will directly affect the design of drilling sampling，lunar lander，lunar rover，and other devices. Particle breakage is one of the important factors causing the change of mechanical properties. In this paper，the QH-E lunar soil simulant is taken as the research object，and the discrete element method is used to bond several circular particles into a particle body with irregular geometry through the connection bonds. The discrete element model considering the particle breakage of QH-E lunar soil simulant is established，and the biaxial compression mechanical properties of lunar soil simulant with crushable particles under low stress levels （5-25 kPa） are studied. The deviatoric stress-axial strain and volumetric strain-axial strain curves of QH-E lunar soil simulant under low stress are obtained. The evolution characteristics of internal crack propagation and particle motion in lunar soil simulant during loading are analyzed. The simulation results show that during the biaxial compression process，the stress-strain relationship of the lunar soil simulant samples with crushable particles and uncrushable particles both exhibit significant peak stress and post peak softening phenomenon，and the peak stress of the sample with crushable particles is significantly lower than that of the sample with uncrushable particles. The volumetric strain-axial strain curves show the deformation characteristics of first shear shrinkage and then shear dilation during biaxial compression，and the sample with uncrushable particles first exhibits shear dilation and the shear dilation amplitude is higher than that of the sample with crushable particles. The microscopic analysis shows that with the increase of confining pressure，the internal cracks of the sample gradually increase，and the shear cracks are obviously more than the tensile cracks，and there are obvious shear bands.

关键词

模拟月壤 / 颗粒破碎 / 离散元方法 / 围压 / 力学性能

Key words

lunar soil simulant / particle breakage / discrete element method / confining pressure / mechanical property

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52009097)

湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2024AFB711)