海上9-5/8″套管-水泥环界面脱黏行为数值模拟

Numerical simulation of the offshore 9-5/8″ casing-cement sheath interface debonding behavior

摘要

套管和水泥环之间的高胶结力是海上弃井套管回收作业的最大阻碍，为探究套管-水泥环界面在外载作用下的胶结失效过程，在ABAQUS有限元软件中建立套管-水泥环-套管井筒三维有限元模型，采用内聚力单元模拟套管-水泥环界面的脱黏和扩展过程，并通过室内实验对模型进行验证。利用该模型探讨了水泥环长度及内聚力模型的材料参数如胶结面刚度、断裂能对套管-水泥环界面胶结失效及其破坏所需拉拔力的影响。结果表明：实验与模型结果误差均在5%以内；实验表明套管最大拉拔力与水泥环长度成正相关，该尺寸下1 m长度的水泥环约需1 kN大小的拉拔力；套管产生初始位移所需拉拔力随界面刚度的增大而增大，但刚度对最大拉拔力影响较小，变化幅度不到1%；增大断裂能对拉拔力上升段无影响，但可减缓拉拔力下降过程。建立的模型能够较为准确地模拟套管-水泥环界面脱黏过程。

Abstract

The high cementation force between casing and cement sheath is the biggest obstacle to casing recovery operations in offshore abandoned wells. To explore the cementation failure process of the casing-cement sheath interface under external load, a three-dimensional finite element model of the casing-cement sheath-casing wellbore was established with ABAQUS finite element software. The cohesive element was used to simulate the debonding and expansion process of the casing-cement sheath interface, and laboratory experiments verified the model. Using this model, the effects of the length of the cement sheath and the material parameters of the cohesive zone model such as the stiffness of the bonding surface and the fracture energy on the bonding failure of the casing-cement sheath interface and the pull-out force required for its failure are discussed. The results show that the error between the experimental and model results is within 5%. The test shows that the maximum drawing force of the casing is positively correlated with the length of the cement sheath, and the cement sheath of 1 m length under this size needs about 1 kN drawing force. The pull-out force required for the initial displacement of the casing increases with the increase of the interface stiffness, but the stiffness has little effect on the maximum pull-out force, and the change range is less than 1%. Increasing the fracture energy does not affect the rising section of the drawing force, but it can slow down the decline process of the drawing force. The established model can accurately simulate the debonding process of the casing-cement sheath interface.

关键词

套管回收 / 内聚力模型 / 脱黏 / 套管-水泥环界面 / 实验验证

Key words

casing retrieval / cohesive zone model / debonding / casing-cement sheath interface / experimental verification

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775463)

国家自然科学基金资助项目(2019YFC0312305)

四川省科技厅自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(2023NSFSC1980)