第三相流体对两相驱替行为影响的孔隙尺度研究

Pore-scale study on the impact of a third-phase fluid on the two-phase displacement behavior

摘要

毛细管及多孔介质内的多相驱替行为是广泛存在于原油采收、地下水污染防治等领域的典型流动现象。为了探究引入第三相不混溶流体对两相驱替规律的影响，应用三相流格子Boltzmann颜色模型开展了单个毛细管和多孔介质内两相流体在第三相流体微调控下驱替类型和驱替效率的孔隙尺度模拟研究。结果表明：在单个毛细管中，随第三相流体含量的增加，驱替效率先升高后降低，适量引入第三相流体可提升驱替前缘的稳定性，促进驱替类型由指进型驱替向稳定型驱替转变；第三相流体稳定驱替前缘的作用随注入流体与第三相流体黏度比的增加或毛细数的减小而增强。在多孔介质中，第三相流体含量及毛细数的影响规律与单个毛细管内的研究结论相一致，即随第三相流体含量的增加，驱替效率先升高后降低；随毛细数增大，驱替效率降低。该研究可增进对引入第三相流体调控两相驱替行为的理解，为优化原油开采方法等与多相驱替相关的工业应用提供理论参考。

Abstract

Multiphase displacement behavior in capillary and porous media is a typical flow phenomenon widely encountered in enhanced oil recovery and prevention and control of groundwater pollution. To explore the influence of an immiscible third-phase fluid on the two-phase displacement behavior，a three-phase lattice Boltzmann color-gradient model is applied for the pore-scale investigation of the displacement pattern and efficiency in both a single capillary and a porous medium. Results show that in a single capillary，the displacement efficiency first increases and then decreases with increasing the amount of the third-phase fluid. Introducing an appropriate amount of the third-phase fluid enhances the stability of the displacement front and thus promotes the transition from fingering displacement to stable displacement. The stabilizing effect of the third-phase fluid is strengthened by either increasing the viscosity ratio of the injected fluid to the third-phase fluid or decreasing the capillary number. In a porous medium，the influences of the third-phase fluid amount and the capillary number show good agreement with those observed in a single capillary. Specifically，the displacement efficiency exhibits a first increasing and then decreasing variation with the increase in the amount of the third-phase fluid，while it monotonically decreases with the increase in the capillary number. This study not only enhances the understanding of introducing a third-phase fluid to regulate the two-phase displacement behavior，but also provides theoretical reference for optimizing industrial applications related to multiphase displacement，such as the extraction methods of crude oil.

关键词

格子Boltzmann方法 / 三相流 / 多相驱替 / 石油增产

Key words

lattice Boltzmann method / three-phase flow / multiphase displacement / enhanced oil recovery

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(12072257)

国家自然科学基金资助项目(12202344)

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-502)

西安交通大学基本科研业务经费项目(xzy012021019)