考虑人群移动影响的二维室内污染物扩散模拟方法研究

A study of two-dimensional indoor pollutant dispersion modeling method considering the effect of crowd movement

摘要

本研究提出一种耦合流体力学与人群动力学的模拟方法，旨在探索室内大量人群移动对污染物扩散的影响。经典动网格技术在模拟大量人群时对计算资源需求巨大，并考虑到预测群体行为模式的复杂性，采用致动点模型替代具有真实体积的人体几何以模拟尾流现象，引入社会力模型来描述微观人群运动，并结合浅通道近似方法将三维模型简化为二维模型以提高计算效率。流动模型采用格子Boltzmann方法（lattice Boltzmann method，LBM）耦合大涡模拟，以分布力源项的形式将人体运动引入LBM的演化方程。污染物扩散模型采用LBM中经典的双分布函数模型。通过与经典动网格三维模型结果的比较验证了方法的准确性与可靠性，并通过具体案例分析，进一步验证了该方法在实际应用中的可行性。

Abstract

This study proposes a coupled fluid dynamics and crowd dynamics simulation method aimed at exploring the impact of large indoor crowd movements on pollutant dispersion. Traditional dynamic mesh techniques demand substantial computational resources when simulating large crowds. Considering the complexity of predicting group behavior patterns，we employ an actuator line model to substitute for the real-volume human body geometry to simulate wake phenomena. A social force model is introduced to describe microscopic crowd motion，and a shallow channel approximation method simplifies the three-dimensional model to two dimensions to enhance computational efficiency. The flow model utilizes the lattice Boltzmann method（LBM）coupled with large eddy simulation，introducing human motion into the LBM evolution equation as distributed force source terms. The pollutant dispersion model employs the classical dual-distribution function model within LBM. The accuracy and reliability of this method were validated by comparison with classical dynamic mesh three-dimensional model results，and its feasibility in practical applications was further verified through specific case studies.

关键词

格子Boltzmann / 致动点模型 / 浅通道近似 / 社会力模型 / 大涡模拟 / 污染物扩散

Key words

lattice Boltzmann method / actuator line model / shallow channel approximation / social force model / large eddy simulation / pollutant dispersion

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52208126)

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52306202)

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2024JC-YBMS-020)

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2024JC-YBMS-442)