基于三维随机骨料模型的不规则颗粒投放算法研究

Irregular particle packaging algorithm based on a 3D random aggregate model

摘要

不规则颗粒体系数值模拟是研究颗粒材料力学行为的重要方法，实现不规则颗粒的三维数字化模型建立与高效投放技术对研究颗粒体系的力学行为具有重要意义。为实现各种不规则颗粒模型的生成与投放，本研究基于C#平台设计开发了不规则颗粒投放软件。首先基于三维凸型不规则颗粒的空间多面体几何属性信息，设计了面向对象方法表征的颗粒信息数据结构；应用三维随机骨料投放生成算法，开发了不规则颗粒自动生成与投放功能的程序软件；基于C#平台实现了控制参数输入与不规则颗粒生成的用户界面交互，并借助OpenGL的图形功能实现了三维模型的可视化操作。在软件中设计了3D打印输出模块，可通过3D打印机实现所投放数字化颗粒的快速打印生成，为不规则颗粒试验研究提供试验样本。在软件中建立了不规则颗粒有限元模型文件输出格式，可为不规则颗粒材料的离散元及有限元数值模拟提供前处理模型。最后使用不规则颗粒进行了颗粒堆积试验研究，并进行了颗粒数字模型的显式有限元模拟，结果表明本研究软件程序实现的不规则颗粒数字模型与可视化技术，可满足不规则颗粒问题研究的物理实验与数值模拟需求。

Abstract

Numerical simulation is one of the important methods to study the mechanical behavior of irregular particulate systems. Generation of three-dimensional numerical models of irregular particles and encapsulation technology are important research topics. To create a numerical model of irregular particles，a program that generates irregular particles and an intuitive interface for the program were developed by using the C# platform. First，based on the geometric property information of three-dimensional convex irregular particles，the particle information data structure characterized by object-oriented methods was designed. Then，the 3D random aggregate packing algorithm was applied to develop the software for automatic generation and conditioning of irregular particles. Using the C# platform，a user interface to control model generation and export was designed，and an interface that renders 3D animations for particle models using the graphics library OpenGL was developed. A 3D printed output data file in the program software was also designed，which can quickly generate real particles through a 3D printer. Real printed particles can be used as specimens for experiments on irregular particles. The generation method of model data output file in the program for discrete and finite element analysis was also provided. Finally，irregular particle packing experiments were performed and also simulated by FEM. The results show that the program we developed can meet the requirement of quickly creating numerical models of irregular particles that can be applied to experiments and numerical simulations.

关键词

不规则颗粒 / 三维随机骨料投放算法 / 面向对象技术 / 3D打印 / 颗粒堆积

Key words

irregular particles / 3D random aggregate packing algorithm / object-oriented technology / 3D printing / particle packing

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(11872092)

国家自然科学基金资助项目(12372380)