考虑漏斗形状的物料输送过程出料口堵塞的影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of discharge port blockage in the funnel-shaped material conveying process

摘要

在矿业生产和加工过程中，物料输送是必不可少的过程。然而输送过程中出料口堵塞问题严重影响生产效率。本文采用离散元方法研究影响漏斗堵塞的主要因素，包括给料速度、物料大小、形状及摩擦系数等，其中漏斗形状设置为直线型、折线型、弧线型和反弧线型。结果表明:给料速度从120 kg/s增加到150 kg/s以上时，堵塞时间点明显提前；物料粒径大小和形状会显著影响堵塞概率；摩擦系数从0.3增大至0.6时，堵塞时间点提前。对比不同形状的漏斗发现，反弧线型漏斗在高速给料时表现优异，同时针对大颗粒物料及高表面粗糙度的物料具有较好的防堵塞能力，其反弧线型的漏斗壁结构可有效贴合颗粒下滑轨迹，减少碰撞。研究结果可为矿业生产和加工中物料输送效率的提高提供理论参考，为漏斗形状的结构优化设计提供一定的科学指导。

Abstract

In the process of mining production and processing，material transportation is an indispensable process. However，the problem of blockage at the discharge port during the conveying process seriously affects the production efficiency. In this paper，the discrete element method is adopted to study the main factors affecting funnel blockage，including feeding speed，material size，shape，and friction coefficient. Among them，the funnel shapes are set as straight type，polygonal type，curved type，and outer reverse arc type. The results show that when the feeding rate increases from 120 kg/s to more than 150 kg/s，the clogging time point is significantly advanced. The particle size and shape of the material will significantly affect the probability of blockage. When the friction coefficient increases from 0.3 to 0.6，the clogging time point advances by 20%. By comparing funnels of different shapes，it is found that the outer reverse arc funnel performs well under high-speed feeding conditions. Meanwhile，it also has a better anti-clogging capability for materials with large particles and high surface roughness. Its parabolic funnel wall structure can effectively conform to the sliding trajectory of particles and reduce collisions. The above research results can provide theoretical reference for improving the material transportation efficiency in mining production and processing，and offer scientific guidance for the structural optimization design of funnel-shaped structures.

关键词

物料运输 / 漏斗形状 / 出料口堵塞 / 给料速度 / 物料形状

Key words

material transportation / funnel shape / discharge port blockage / feeding speed / material shape

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(12302512)

山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202203021222118)