条带充填直接顶应力场弹性解析及充填参数优化

Analysis of the stress field and optimization of filling parameters for the direct top of strip filling

摘要

条带充填开采后，充填体-顶板系统共同承受自身重力及上覆岩层传递载荷，其受力状态对采场围岩稳定具有重要影响。为分析条带充填参数对顶板应力分布的影响，本研究基于弹性力学三角级数解法，推导了条带充填开采条件下直接顶弹性应力场解析解，并通过Matlab编程开展理论计算。在此基础上，结合第一强度理论，建立了顶板拉伸破坏判据，分析了顶板最大拉应力分布特征及潜在危险点位置，并提出了一种确定最佳充填间距的方法。结果表明:条带充填开采条件下，顶板下部区域易形成拉应力集中，危险点主要位于该区域；危险点处最大拉应力随充填体宽度和高跨比的增加而减小，说明增加充填宽度和顶板高跨比能有效抑制顶板发生拉伸破坏。

Abstract

After strip backfill mining，the backfill-roof system jointly bears the self-weight-induced stress and the load transmitted from the overlying strata. Its mechanical state has an important influence on the stability of the surrounding rock in the stope. To investigate the effect of strip backfill parameters on the stress distribution of the roof，an elastic analytical solution for the stress field of the immediate roof under strip backfill mining conditions was derived using the trigonometric series solution method of elasticity. The theoretical calculation was then implemented through MATLAB programming. On this basis，a tensile failure criterion for the roof was established by incorporating the analytical stress solution with the maximum principal stress criterion，and the distribution characteristics of the maximum tensile stress and the location of potential critical points were analyzed. A method for determining the optimal backfill spacing was further proposed. The results show that under strip backfill mining conditions，tensile stress concentration is likely to occur in the lower part of the roof，where the critical points are mainly located. The maximum tensile stress at the critical points decreases with increasing backfill width and roof height-to-span ratio. This indicates that increasing the backfill width and the roof height-to-span ratio can help reduce the likelihood of tensile failure in the roof.

关键词

条带充填 / 直接顶 / 应力场 / 解析解 / 充填优化

Key words

strip filling / immediate roof / stress field / analytical solution / filling optimization

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基金资助

山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2023ME086)