流动控制壁面对扑翼获能特性的研究

Study on energy extraction characteristics of flapping hydrofoil by flow control wall

摘要

为研究非定常流动控制和动态壁面对扑翼获能特性的影响，本研究设计了一种采用波浪形壁面的二维扑翼计算模型。基于RANS模型，分析了波浪形壁面参数、水翼与壁面的距离、水翼与壁面波峰的相对位置对扑翼的水动力学特性的影响。结果表明，在最优的波浪壁面形状参数和水翼的相对位置下，扑翼的获能效率达到52.2%，比Kinsey的计算结果提高了13.52%。波浪形壁面能够增大流场流速，使得扑翼靠近壁面附近低流速区域时表面压差增大；同时增强了涡流强度，延缓尾迹涡的耗散，尾迹涡脱落后吸附在壁面上，增强了扑翼与壁面的相互作用，扑翼表面的压差驱动扑翼起伏和旋转运动，提高了扑翼表面升力变化幅值，进而提升了扑翼的获能效率。希望通过改进壁面形状找到提升扑翼获能效率的方法，对扑翼获能研究领域进一步发展提供新方向。

Abstract

In order to study the influence of unsteady flow control and dynamic wall on the energy performance of a flapping hydrofoil，a two-dimensional flapping hydrofoil calculation model with wavy wall surface is designed. Based on RANS model，the effects of wavy wall parameters，the distance between the hydrofoil and the wall，and the relative position of the wavy crest between the hydrofoil and the wall on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flapping hydrofoil are analyzed. The results show that the energy efficiency of the flapping hydrofoil reaches 52.2%，which is 13.52% higher than the calculated result of Kinsey under the optimal wavy wall shape parameters and the relative position of the hydrofoil. The wavy wall can increase the flow velocity，which makes the surface pressure difference increase when the flapping hydrofoil is near the low flow velocity wall. At the same time，the vortex intensity is enhanced and the wake vortex dissipation is delayed. The wake vortex is adsorbed on the wall after falling off，and the interaction between the flapping hydrofoil and the wall is enhanced. The pressure difference on the surface of the flapping hydrofoil drives the rolling and rotation motion of the flapping hydrofoil，improves the variation amplitude of the lift force on the surface of the flapping hydrofoil，and thus improves the energy efficiency of the flapping hydrofoil. It is hoped that the method of improving the wall shape can improve the energy extraction efficiency of flapping hydrofoil，which can provide a new direction for the further development of flapping hydrofoil energy extraction research neighborhood.

关键词

扑翼 / 非定常流动控制 / 动态壁面 / 波浪形壁面 / RANS模型 / 获能特性

Key words

flapping hydrofoil / unsteady flow control / dynamic wall / wavy wall / RANS model / energy extraction

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52309114)

云南省基础研究计划资助项目(202301AU070053)