基于FAHP-EWM的黄玉川煤矿煤层底板突水危险性评价
张顺峰 , 于涛 , 杨浩 , 杨栋廷 , 张跃恒 , 孙彬 , 穆文平 , 赵伟 , 李先平
现代地质 ›› 2026, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3) : 912 -922.
基于FAHP-EWM的黄玉川煤矿煤层底板突水危险性评价
Risk Assessment of Water Inrush From Coal Seam Floor in Huangyuchuan Coal Mine Based on FAHP-EWM
煤层底板突水具有复杂的非线性动力特征,受承压含水层、地质构造发育特征以及隔水层岩体等多因素影响。为全面准确预测底板突水危险性,针对带压区底板突水潜在风险难以被量化预判、危险性评价存在主观性强、准确度低、实时性差等问题,采用三维地震与瞬变电磁探明研究区水文地质发育特征、地质构造发育程度、岩性组合特征,最终遴选提取突水风险因子12项,构建了煤层底板突水危险性评价体系。依据综合评价理论提出了一种FAHP-EWM带压开采底板突水危险性评判双算法结构模型,采用最小鉴别信息法融合模糊层次(FAHP)与熵权法(EWM)风险评判模型,以主客观组合赋权方法分配各指标权重,建立黄玉川矿脆弱性指数模型,对煤层底板突水危险性进行评价,将研究区划分为:安全区、较安全区、过渡区、较脆弱区、脆弱区5个区域。研究结果表明:奥灰水压、断层规模指数、陷落柱分布、煤层底板埋深4项所占权重相对较大,分别为0.1506、0.1141、0.0946、0.0796,对突水风险的影响较大。评价指标主、客观权重的有效融合使得突水危险性评价结果与工程实践相吻合,评价结果准确性更高,为矿井水害危险性评价提供了科学的评价方法和理论依据。
Water inrush from coal seam floor has complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics, which is affected by many factors such as confined aquifer, geological structure development characteristics and aquiclude rock mass. To comprehensively and accurately predict the risk of floor water inrush-addressing issues such as the difficulty in quantitative prediction of water inrush risk in pressurized zones, along with the strong subjectivity, low accuracy, and poor real-time performance of current assessments-this study employs 3D seismic and transient electromagnetic methods to explore the hydrogeological features, geological structures, and lithologic combinations in the study area. Ultimately, 12 risk factors for water inrush are selected and extracted, leading to the construction of a risk assessment system for coal seam floor water inrush.Based on the comprehensive evaluation theory, a FAHP-EWM double algorithm structure model for evaluating the risk of water inrush from coal seam floor under pressure mining is proposed. The minimum discriminant information method is used to fuse the FAHP and EWM risk evaluation model. The subjective and objective combination weighting method is used to assign the weight of each index, and the vulnerability index model of Huangyuchuan Mine is established to evaluate the risk of water inrush from coal seam floor. The study area is divided into five areas : safe area, relatively safe area, transition area, relatively fragile area and fragile area. The results indicate that Ordovician limestone water pressure (0.1506), fault scale index (0.1141), collapse column distribution (0.0946), and coal seam floor burial depth (0.0796) significantly influence water inrush risk. The integration of subjective and objective weights produces evaluation results consistent with engineering practice, offering higher accuracy. This approach provides a scientific method and theoretical basis for assessing mine water disaster risks.
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国家自然科学青年基金(42102295)
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