松辽盆地奈曼凹陷白垩纪构造演化与油气成藏
杨雪 , 裴家学 , 刘海艳 , 李丽 , 范家铭 , 李秀明 , 何绍勇 , 郝亮
现代地质 ›› 2026, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4) : 1112 -1123.
松辽盆地奈曼凹陷白垩纪构造演化与油气成藏
Cretaceous Tectonic Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation of the Naiman Sag, Songliao Basin
松辽盆地南部的奈曼凹陷在白垩纪晚期遭受严重的构造改造,制约了该区的油气勘探发现。本文基于三维地震和钻井资料,通过地震等时界面追踪与断裂活动期次分析,开展奈曼凹陷白垩纪构造演化研究。运用声波测井法与地层趋势外推法,厘定了构造抬升时期及地层剥蚀厚度(最大达1000 m),明确了不同地层原型盆地边界,揭示了构造活动对油气成藏的控制作用。研究表明:义县组-九佛堂组沉积时期为裂陷期,断裂活动控制了主要生储岩系的沉积;沙海组沉积时期为沉降期,发育了区域性泥岩盖层;阜新组沉积时期为挤压抬升期,北部地层遭受剥蚀,影响烃源岩的热演化;并通过构造演化与原型盆地综合分析,明确了奈曼凹陷有效烃源岩分布和东部斜坡带主要物源方向,建立了构造控源、控相与控藏模式,为奈曼凹陷实现油气勘探新发现提供理论指导。
The Naiman Sag, located in the southern Songliao Basin, experienced intensive late Cretaceous tectonic reworking, which has severely constrained hydrocarbon exploration breakthroughs in the study area. Based on 3D seismic and borehole data, this study investigates the Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the Naiman Sag through seismic isochronous horizon tracking and phased fault activity analysis. Acoustic logging and stratigraphic trend extrapolation approaches were employed to determine the temporal framework of tectonic uplift and quantify stratigraphic erosion thickness, with a maximum erosion magnitude of 1000 meters. The palaeobasin boundaries of successive Cretaceous stratigraphic units are precisely delineated, and the dominant controls of tectonic activities on hydrocarbon accumulation processes are systematically elucidated. Comprehensive analyses indicate that the depositional stage of the Yixian-Jiufotang Formations corresponds to an extensional rifting phase, wherein fault kinematics exerted primary control on the sedimentary evolution of major source-reservoir couplets. The Shahai Formation was deposited during a stable basin subsidence stage, facilitating the widespread development of regionally extensive mudstone cap rocks. The depositional period of the Fuxin Formation was dominated by compressional tectonic uplift, resulting in prominent stratigraphic denudation in the northern sag and inhibiting the thermal evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks. Integrated tectonic evolution and prototype basin reconstruction further define the spatial distribution of effective source rocks and the predominant provenance routing of the eastern slope belt in the Naiman Sag. A refined tectonic control model covering source rock development, sedimentary facies differentiation and hydrocarbon accumulation has been established. This study provides robust theoretical foundations for advancing hydrocarbon exploration prospects in the Naiman Sag.
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辽河油田重大科技专项“开鲁复杂低渗油藏增储上产关键技术研究”(编号2024KJZX-06)
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