北京市门头沟区地质遗迹类型、评价及保护利用策略
吴家悦 , 徐尚智 , 曹颖 , 郑艺龙 , 孙霖 , 宋庆伟 , 孙淼 , 贺瑾瑞
现代地质 ›› 2026, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4) : 1269 -1280.
北京市门头沟区地质遗迹类型、评价及保护利用策略
Types, Evaluation, and Conservation-Utilization Strategies of Geoheritages in Mentougou District, Beijing
门头沟区位于北京西山,地质遗迹类型丰富、特征典型,但缺乏系统性资源摸底与综合价值评价,制约了其科学保护与合理利用。本文基于野外详细调查,首次查明了全区地质遗迹资源家底并划分类型,运用层次分析法构建包含自然属性、价值属性、保护条件与利用条件4个评价项目、13个评价因子的定量评价体系,评定旅游资源等级,结合对比分析法深化特品级遗迹价值研究,提出保护利用建议。结果表明,查明全区地质遗迹110处,划分为7大类、20类和30亚类;旅游资源等级为特品级3处、优良级27处、普通级80处,特品级遗迹庄户洼雾迷山期溢出丘、下苇甸寒武纪剖面和立石台下马岭组剖面价值优势极为突出,具备国家级或世界级地质遗迹潜质;提出地质遗迹分级保护、信息管理系统建设、地学旅游产品开发和地质公园建设等保护利用策略。本研究不仅为门头沟区地质遗迹的有效保护、合理利用与地学旅游发展提供科学依据,也为类似地区地质遗迹综合研究提供参考。
Mentougou District, within Beijing's Western Hills, boasts diverse and characteristic geoheritages. However, the lack of a systematic inventory and comprehensive value assessment has long hindered their scientific conservation and rational utilization. Through detailed field investigations, this study established the first complete inventory and classification system for the district’s geoheritage. A quantitative evaluation system was developed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), incorporating four dimensions (natural attributes, value attributes, conservation conditions, and utilization conditions) and thirteen factors to assess tourism resource grades. A comparative analysis was further conducted to elucidate the value of special-grade sites, informing targeted conservation and utilization strategies. The results show that 110 geoheritages were identified and classified into 7 main categories, 20 categories, and 30 subcategories. They were categorized into 3 special-grade, 27 excellent-grade, and 80 ordinary-grade tourism resources. The three special-grade sites, namely the Zhuanghuwa Wumishan Period overflow mounds, the Xiaweidian Cambrian geological event section, and the Lishitai Xiamaling Formation section, exhibit outstanding value with the potential to meet national or world-class geoheritage standards. Accordingly, strategies are proposed, including hierarchical conservation, building an information management system, developing geotourism products, and promoting geopark establishment. This study provides a scientific basis for the effective conservation, rational utilization, and geotourism development of geoheritage in Mentougou District, while offering a reference for similar research in other regions.
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中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190074)
北京市规划和自然资源委员会门头沟分局地质遗迹调查项目(17CNIC035941 - 99)
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