准噶尔盆地莫西庄地区侏罗系三工河组含油气特征及成因机制
Hydrocarbon Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Jurassic Sangonghe Formation in the Moxizhuang Area, Junggar Basin
准噶尔盆地腹部莫西庄地区侏罗系三工河组砂体油水分布复杂,投产即高含水,下步勘探开发方向不明确。通过紧邻油砂、水砂铸体薄片、高压压汞对比实验,结合油气成藏规律,明晰了砂体条带含油的成因,探讨了油气成藏主控因素。研究认为:(1)莫西庄地区三工河组砂体具有“普遍条带含油、含油砂体与不含油砂体互层接触”的含油特征;(2)不同岩性、炭屑含量、泥质含量都会对含油性产生影响,中砂岩含油性最好,油斑以上显示厚度占比达52%;(3)结合构造演化与成藏历史,得出了条带含油的形成机制,即白垩纪末充注分选,喜山期调整改造,粗砂岩油气散失成水层,中砂岩保留为主力油层,细砂岩未充注为干层,形成条带含油。通过本次研究,揭示了“早期充注分选、后期调整改造”的双重控藏机制,明确了中砂岩作为主力储层的核心地位,厘清了高物性粗砂岩“含油性差”的本质是后期水洗散失而非原生不含油。这一认识不仅为该区复杂油水分布提供了合理解释,也为下一步勘探部署指明了方向。
The sand bodies of the Jurassic Sangonghe Formation in the Moxizhuang area, central Junggar Basin, display heterogeneous oil-water saturation patterns. This area is characterized by early high water cut upon production, and the optimal direction for subsequent exploration and development remains uncertain.This study clarifies the origin of oil-bearing sand strips and investigates the primary controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation by integrating thin-section analyses of adjacent oil- and water-bearing sands, high-pressure mercury intrusion experiments, and established hydrocarbon accumulation principles. This study indicates that: (1) the sand bodies of the Sangonghe Formation in the Moxizhuang area are characterized by “widespread oil-bearing strips, with oil-bearing and non-oil-bearing sand bodies interbedded in contact”. (2) Different lithologies, carbonaceous content, and clay content all influence the oil-bearing properties, with medium sandstone exhibiting the best oil-bearing potential, and the thickness of oil stains above this horizon accounting for 52%. (3) By integrating tectonic evolution and accumulation history, the formation mechanism of oil-bearing strips was determined. This indicates that during the Late Cretaceous, oil and gas were injected and sorted, with the Himalayan orogeny resulting in structural adjustments and transformations. Coarse sandstone layers experienced oil and gas depletion, forming water-bearing strata, while medium sandstone layers remained as the main oil reservoir. Fine sandstone layers, which were not charged, became non-productive layers, resulting in the formation of oil-bearing strips. This study reveals a dual control mechanism of “early-stage injection and sorting, followed by later-stage adjustment and transformation”, clarifies the central role of medium sandstone as the primary reservoir, and elucidates that the poor oil-bearing properties of high-permeability coarse sandstone are due to later-stage water washing and depletion, rather than a primary lack of oil. This understanding not only provides a rational explanation for the complex oil-water distribution in the region, but also directs the next steps in exploration planning.
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国家科技重大专项“渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷致密油开发示范工程”(2017ZX05072)
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