中学生心理健康素养与焦虑和抑郁症状的关系

Association of mental health literacy with anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle school students

摘要

目的 描述中学生心理健康素养现状,分析心理健康素养与焦虑和抑郁症状的关系。方法 于2022年11月,采用方便抽样抽取6322名来自山东省、河南省2个省份11地市在读中学生作为研究对象,使用广泛性焦虑量表、患者健康问卷、心理健康素养调查问卷进行调查。采用二元logistic回归分析探讨心理健康素养与中学生焦虑和抑郁症状的关系。结果 中学生心理健康知识得分(81.95±4.93)分,人际支持得分(2.44±0.72)分,认知重评得分(2.48±0.71)分,觉察得分(2.68±0.61)分,分心术得分(2.61±0.63)分。心理健康知识、人际支持、觉察、分心术、心理健康意识与焦虑和抑郁症状呈负向关联,而认知重评与焦虑和抑郁症状呈正向关联(P<0.05)。结论 中学生普遍存在焦虑症状和抑郁症状,心理健康问题不容乐观。其中认知重评偏高和心理健康知识、人际支持、觉察、分心术、心理健康素养偏低可能增加中学生焦虑和抑郁症状的风险。未来应注重提升中学生的心理健康素养水平。

Abstract

Objective To describe the status of mental health literacy and its association with anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese middle school students. Methods In November 2022,6 322 secondary school students from 11 cities in Shandong Province and Henan Province,were selected by convenience sampling as the study subjects and were surveyed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items,and the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between mental health literacy and anxiety/depression symptoms in middle school students. Results The mental health knowledge score of middle school students was 81.95±4.93,the interpersonal support score was 2.44±0.72,the cognitive reappraisal score was 2.48±0.71,the awareness score was 2.68±0.61,and the distraction score was 2.61±0.63. Mental health knowledge,interpersonal support,awareness,distraction,and mental health awareness were negatively correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression,while cognitive reappraisal was positively correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression (P<0.05). Conclusions Symptoms of anxiety and depression are common among middle school students,and mental health problems are not optimistic. High cognitive reappraisal and low mental health knowledge,interpersonal support,awareness,distraction,and mental health literacy may increase the risk of anxiety and depression symptoms in middle school students. In the future,attention should be paid to improving the mental health literacy level of middle school students.

关键词

中学生 / 心理健康素养 / 焦虑症状 / 抑郁症状

Key words

Secondary school students / Mental health literacy / Anxiety symptoms / Depressive symptoms

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基金资助

山东省泰山学者青年专家人才计划项目(tsqn201909145)

济宁市重点研发计划(2023YXNS102)

济宁市重点研发计划(2023YXNS213)