精神科护士组织支持与共情疲劳的关系:心理一致感的中介作用

Relationship between organizational support and compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurses:the mediating role of psychological coherence

摘要

目的 探讨心理一致感在精神科护士组织支持与共情疲劳之间的中介效应。方法 本研究为横断面研究设计,采用便利抽样法选取2024年11月至12月济宁市某三级甲等精神专科医院及下辖县级医院的324名精神科护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、心理一致感量评估量表、组织支持感量表以及共情疲劳量表进行调查。描述精神科护士心理一致感、组织支持感及共情疲劳现状,采用相关性分析、中介效应模型分析心理一致感在组织支持与共情疲劳中的关系。结果 精神科护士心理一致感、组织支持感以及共情疲劳得分分别为(56.20±7.00)分、(50.05±12.67)以及(83.54±16.88)分。精神科护士心理一致感与组织支持感呈正相关(r=0.345,P<0.05),与共情疲劳呈负相关(r=-0.323,P<0.05)。中介作用分析显示,组织支持感对共情疲劳的总效应不显著,但直接效应显著(效应值=0.155),且心理一致感的间接效应亦显著(效应值=-0.167),心理一致感在组织支持与共情疲劳的关系中起到了遮掩效应,遮掩效应量|间接效应/直接效应|=1.08。结论 组织支持感对共情疲劳存在直接加压与间接缓冲的双重路径,心理一致感在其中起遮掩效应。医院管理者应加强组织支持力度,改善心理一致感,进而缓解精神科护士共情疲劳,提升护理质量和护士的职业满意度。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the mediating effect of psychological coherence between organizational support and compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurses. Methods This cross-sectional study adopted convenience sampling to recruit 324 psychiatric nurses from a tertiary psychiatric hospital and affiliated county hospitals in Jining city between November and December 2024. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Sense of Coherence Scale,the Perceived Organizational Support Scale,and the Compassion Fatigue Scale. The current status of psychological coherence,organizational support,and compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurses was described,and correlation analysis was performed. A mediation effect model was used to analyze the mediating role of psychological coherence between organizational support and compassion fatigue. Results Scores for psychological coherence,organizational support,and compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurses were 56.20±7.00,50.05±12.67,and 83.54±16.88,respectively. Psychological coherence had a significant positive correlation with organizational support (r=0.345,P<0.05),while compassion fatigue showed significant negative correlations with psychological coherence (r=-0.323,P<0.05). Mediation analysis demonstrated that Sense of coherence exerted a suppression effect in the relationship between perceived organizational support and compassion fatigue. Although the total effect of perceived organizational support on compassion fatigue was non-significant,both the direct effect (effect size=0.155) and the indirect effect via sense of coherence (effect size=-0.167) were statistically significant,the masking effect size |indirect effect/direct effect|=1.08. Conclusion The sense of organizational support exerts both direct pressure and indirect buffering effects on empathic fatigue,with psychological congruence acting as a mediating factor. Hospital administrators should strengthen organizational support and improve psychological coherence to alleviate compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurses,thereby improving nursing quality and nurses′ job satisfaction.

关键词

心理一致感 / 组织支持 / 共情疲劳 / 中介效应

Key words

Psychological coherence / Organizational support / Compassion fatigue / Mediating effect

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基金资助

济宁医学院2024年度实践教学教育研究计划项目(JYSJ2024C01)