数字健康素养对社区老年慢性病患者社会衰弱的影响:医疗社会支持的中介效应

The impact of digital health literacy on social frailty among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases:the mediating role of medical social support

摘要

目的 旨在基于社会认知理论,探讨数字健康素养与医疗社会支持对社区老年慢性病患者社会衰弱的影响,并检验医疗社会支持在数字健康素养与社会衰弱间的中介效应。方法 采用便利抽样法于2025年10月至2025年12月选取芜湖市322例社区老年慢性病患者作为研究对象。使用一般资料调查表、数字健康素养量表、医疗社会支持量表及社会衰弱量表对老年慢性病患者进行问卷调查。结果 社区老年慢性病患者社会衰弱的发生率为37.27%,数字健康素养得分(42.77±12.16)分,医疗社会支持得分(56.74±15.16)分。数字健康素养通过医疗社会支持的中介效应,间接影响社区老年慢性病患者的社会衰弱。此外,性别和婚姻状况对患者社会衰弱也有影响。结论 本研究验证了基于社会认知理论构建的中介模型,揭示了数字健康素养可通过增强医疗社会支持,间接缓解社区老年慢性病患者的社会衰弱。因此,未来应着力提升社区老年慢性病患者的数字健康素养,以促进其主动利用医疗社会支持,从而降低社会衰弱发生的风险。

Abstract

Objective To examine the effects of digital health literacy and medical social support on social frailty among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases,based on social cognitive theory.It further tests the mediating role of medical social support in the relationship between digital health literacy and social frailty. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to select 322 elderly community-dwelling patients with chronic diseases in Wuhu City as study subjects between October and December 2025.Questionnaire surveys were conducted using a general information questionnaire,the Digital Health Literacy Scale,the Medical Social Support Scale,and the Social Frailty Scale. Results The prevalence of social frailty among community-dwelling elderly patients with chronic diseases was 37.27%.Their digital health literacy scores averaged 42.77±12.16 points,while medical social support scores averaged 56.74±15.16 points.Digital health literacy indirectly influenced social frailty among community-dwelling elderly chronic disease patients through the mediating effect of medical social support.Additionally,gender and marital status also influenced patients′ social frailty. Conclusion This study validated an intermediary model grounded in social cognitive theory,revealing that digital health literacy can indirectly alleviate social frailty among community-dwelling elderly chronic disease patients by enhancing medical social support.Therefore,future efforts should focus on improving the digital health literacy of community-dwelling elderly chronic disease patients to promote their proactive utilization of medical social support,thereby reducing the risk of social frailty.

关键词

老年慢性病 / 数字健康素养 / 医疗社会支持 / 社会衰弱

Key words

Older adults with chronic diseases / Digital health literacy / Medical social support / Social frailty

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基金资助

安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题攻关项目(2023CX102)