中老年慢性病住院患者口腔健康素养与慢性病资源利用、健康素养和家庭健康的相关性

Correlation of oral health literacy with chronic disease resource utilization, health literacy, and family health among hospitalized middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases

摘要

目的 了解中老年慢性病住院患者口腔健康素养现状并分析其与慢性病资源利用、健康素养和家庭健康的相关性。方法 采用分层抽样法,于2025年7月-2026年1月选取芜湖市2所三甲医院住院的中老年慢性病住院患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、简约版口腔健康素养量表、中文版慢性病资源调查问卷、健康素养量表和家庭健康量表进行调查。结果 607名中老年慢性病住院患者口腔健康素养总分为28.00(22.00,32.00)分,口腔健康素养与慢性病资源利用(r=0.696)、健康素养(r=0.663)和家庭健康(r=0.383)均呈正相关(P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示,慢性病资源利用(B=0.427,t=17.992,P<0.001)、是否具备健康素养(B=3.788,t=5.883,P<0.001)、最近1年每天刷牙的次数(B=2.067,t=4.589,P<0.001)、家庭健康(B=0.149,t=3.791,P<0.001)、文化程度(B=0.878,t=3.096,P=0.002)是中老年慢性病住院患者口腔健康素养的影响因素,共解释总变异的60.8%。结论 中老年慢性病住院患者口腔健康素养处于较低水平,医护人员可将口腔健康管理融入慢性病综合诊疗体系中,为患者提供住院期间的口腔健康评估与针对性指导,从而提高患者口腔健康素养水平。

Abstract

Objective To assess the status of oral health literacy among middle-aged and elderly inpatients with chronic disease and analyze its correlations with chronic disease resource utilization, health literacy, and family health. Methods Participants were recraited via stratified sampling from middle-aged and elderly inpatients with chronic disease from two tertiary hospitals in Wuhu City from July 2025 to January 2026. The survey included a general information questionnaire, the Health Literacy Scale in Dentistry-14, the Chronic Disease Resource Survey, the 3-item Health Literacy Scale, and a Family Health Scale. Results The total oral health literacy score of 607 middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients with chronic diseases was 28.00 (22.00, 32.00) points. Oral health literacy showed positive correlations with chronic disease resource utilization (r=0.696), health literacy (r=0.663), and family health (r=0.383) (P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that chronic disease resource utilization (B=0.427, t=17.992, P<0.001), possession of health literacy (B=3.788, t=5.883, P<0.001), daily toothbrushing frequency in the past year (B=2.067, t=4.589, P<0.001), family health (B=0.149, t=3.791, P<0.001), and education level (B=0.878, t=3.096, P=0.002) were influencing factors of oral health literacy in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients with chronic diseases, collectively explaining 60.8% of the total variation. Conclusion The oral health literacy level among middle-aged and elderly inpatients with chronic disease is relatively low. Healthcare professionals should integrate oral health management into the comprehensive chronic disease treatment system, providing oral health assessments and targeted guidance during hospitalization to improve patients′ oral health literacy.

关键词

中老年 / 慢性病 / 口腔健康素养 / 慢性病资源利用 / 健康素养 / 家庭健康

Key words

Middle-aged and elderly / Chronic disease / Oral health literacy / Chronic disease resource utilization / Health literacy / Family health

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基金资助

安徽省教育厅重大课题(2024AH040381)

2020年安徽省高等学校省级质量工程(2020xsxxkc457)

安徽省人文社会科学重点项目(SJD202305)

2023年省级大学生创新创业训练(S202310368053)