转速对等离子旋转电极制备IN625合金粉末特性的影响

Effect of rotating speed on characteristic of IN625 alloy powders prepared by plasma rotating electrode process

摘要

为系统揭示转速对等离子旋转电极（plasma rotating electrode process，PREP）制备 IN625 合金粉末粒度及粉末特性的影响规律，在 18000～28000 r·min^‒1 范围内设置了 5 组转速开展 PREP 制粉实验。结果表明，随转速提高，制得粉末粒度分布发生结构性转变，其中细粒径粉末（‒270 目）占比（质量分数）由不足 15% 提升至 60% 以上，且通粉粒度分布跨度逐渐收窄。雾化过程液线破碎模式的主导作用随转速提升显著增强，且液线破碎愈加充分，直接促进粉末细化。粉末球形度始终高于 0.96，但缺陷类型由低转速下因液线破碎不充分产生的“长条状”异形颗粒，转为高转速下因中、细颗粒碰撞粘结形成的“卫星粉”颗粒。随转速提升，制得 IN625 通粉的氧、氮含量（质量分数）略有增加，流动性与松装密度小幅下降，这与‒270 目细粒径粉末占比提升有一定关联。研究明确了不同粒度需求的转速窗口：26000 r·min^‒1 及以上可实现较高的细粒径粉末占比，18000～22000 r·min^‒1 有利于获得流动性与松装密度优异的全粒度段粉末。

Abstract

To systematically reveal the influence of rotating speed on the particle size distribution and powder properties of IN625 alloy powders prepared by plasma rotating electrode process (PREP), five rotating speed levels ranging from 18000 to 28000 r·min ^‒1 were set for PREP experiments. The results indicate that as the rotating speed increases, the particle size distribution undergoes a structural transformation: the proportion of fine powders (‒270 mesh, mass fraction) increases from less than 15% to over 60%, while the span of particle size distribution gradually narrows. The dominant role of ligament disintegration mode in the atomization process is significantly enhanced with increasing rotating speed, and the more sufficient ligament disintegration directly promotes powder refinement. The powder sphericity remains above 0.96 throughout, but the defect type changes from the elongated irregular particles caused by insufficient ligament disintegration at low rotating speed to the satellite particles formed by collision and adhesion of fine and medium particles at high rotating speed. As the rotating speed increases, the oxygen and nitrogen contents (mass fraction) of the as-produced IN625 powders increase slightly, while the flowability and apparent density decrease modestly, which is partially related to the increased proportion of fine powders (−270 mesh). The suitable rotating speed windows were identified for the different particle size requirements: the rotating speeds≥26000 r·min ^‒1 can achieve a relatively high proportion of fine powders, while 18000~22000 r·min ^‒1 is favorable for obtaining the as-produced powders with the excellent flowability and apparent density.

关键词

等离子旋转电极 / IN625 合金 / 转速 / 粒度分布 / 粉末特性

Key words

plasma rotating electrode process / IN625 alloys / rotating speed / particle size distribution / powder characteristic

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3712000)

江苏省前沿技术研发计划(BF2024008)

南京市重大科技专项(202309016)