人地关系视角下生态——游憩网络研究进展与启示

Research Progress and Implications of Eco-recreational Network From the Perspective of Human-Environment Relationship

摘要

面对城市化带来的生态环境压力与居民游憩需求，生态－游憩网络作为复合型空间组织体系，已逐渐成为实现生态环境保护与游憩福祉提升的重要路径. 文章从人地关系视角对生态－游憩网络的概念、复合类型、构建要素、分析评价与优化进行系统梳理. 研究发现:生态－游憩网络的概念尚未明确，文章基于对相关网络概念及研究的梳理，立足人地关系视角对其进行了界定；根据复合程度与方式，将生态－游憩网络的复合类型归纳为空间叠置复合、功能交互复合与系统重构复合三类，3 种复合类型的演进展现了网络耦合的逐步深化；生态－游憩网络由节点和廊道两类要素构成，不同的网络复合类型包含的要素存在差异，且各类要素的提取方法已形成系统化范式；网络评价主要从结构和功能两个维度展开，结构评价侧重网络连通性与空间格局特征，功能评价则强调人地系统间的相互作用及功能协调；网络优化从“点－线－面”3 个层次入手，具体策略包括分类管控、结构修复与空间布局调整等. 针对当前研究存在的局限与不足，文章提出未来需在理论深化、内部关系、评价体系、多尺度视角以及优化治理几个方面进行拓展与深化.

Abstract

Urbanization brings ecological and environmental pressures as well as residents' recreational demands. Eco-recreational network, as a composite spatial organization system, have gradually become an important path to achieve ecological environmental protection and the improvement of recreational well-being. This paper systematically sorts out the concept, composite types, construction elements, analysis, evaluation and optimization of eco-recreational network from the perspective of man-land relationship. The research draws the following findings: the concept of the eco-recreational network remains unclear. Based on a review of relevant network concepts and research, this paper defines the concept from the perspective of human-environment relationship. According to the degree and mode of integration, the integration types of the eco-recreational network are summarized into 3 categories, spatial overlapping integration, functional interaction integration, and system restructuring integration. The evolution of these 3 integration types demonstrates the gradual deepening of network coupling. Eco-recreational network consists of 2 types of elements: nodes and corridors. Elements contained in different composite network types show differences. Systematic paradigms have been formed for the extraction methods of various elements. Network evaluation is mainly carried out from 2 dimensions, structure and function. Structural evaluation focuses on network connectivity and spatial pattern characteristics, while functional evaluation emphasizes the interactions and functional coordination between human-environment systems. Network optimization starts from 3 levels: point-line-plane. Specific strategies include classified management and control, structural restoration and spatial layout adjustment. In view of the limitations and deficiencies of current research, this paper puts forward that future research needs to expand and deepen in several aspects, including theoretical deepening, internal relationship, evaluation system, multi-scale perspective and optimization governance.

关键词

生态－游憩网络 / 人地关系 / 复合类型 / 网络评价 / 研究启示

Key words

eco-recreational network / human-environment relationship / composite types / network evaluation / research implications

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(42171239、42571300)