To address the issue of freeze-thaw deterioration of rocks in seasonal frozen regions, representative limestone and quartzite were selected as test subjects. The study involved freeze-thaw cycle tests, uniaxial compression tests, and SEM (scanning electron microscope) tests to investigate the porosity, macro-mesoscopic failure characteristics, mechanical properties, and energy evolution laws of the rocks. Based on the characteristics of the stress-strain curves of typical rocks, the damage effects induced by freeze-thaw cycles were coupled into the damage constitutive model using Lemaitre’s plane strain theory and statistical theory. Considering the compaction stage, the constitutive equation was fitted in two segments according to the characteristics of the rock’s damage constitutive equation and experimental curves. The study showed that freeze-thaw cycles more easily exacerbate the weathering of high-porosity limestone. As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases, the compressive strength of both limestone and quartzite follows an exponential decay. The peak points of the model curve are in close agreement with those of the experimental curve, and the segmented damage constitutive model fits the experimental curve well. This indicates that the proposed damage constitutive model and the selection of parameters are correct and reliable.
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