Loess is prone to collapse and softening upon water exposure. Studying the mechanical characteristics of loess water-sensitive softening is crucial for the rational selection of parameters in engineering design. By combining in-situ tests such as cone penetration tests, vane shear tests, standard penetration tests, pressuremeter tests with indoor physical and mechanical tests, this study investigates the physical properties, mechanical properties, and foundation bearing capacity of loess silty clay under various moisture contents along a railway line in Zhengzhou. Calculation formulas for undrained shear strength, standard penetration blow count, and shear modulus of loess silty clay are proposed. The results indicate that the cohesion and internal friction angle of loess silty clay in Zhengzhou decrease with the increase of moisture content. The moisture content increases from 10.1% to 29.3%, resulting in a cohesion loss of 65.2% and an internal friction angle loss of 22.1%. The undrained shear strength of loess silty clay in Zhengzhou is linearly correlated with the cone tip resistance and specific penetration resistance obtained from cone penetration tests. The proposed calculation formula can be used to quickly calculate the undrained shear strength of soil. When the moisture content increases from 9.3% to 25.5%, there is a segmented linear correlation between the standard penetration blow count, shear modulus, and moisture content of Zhengzhou loess silty clay. The proposed formula can be used for rapid calculation of foundation bearing capacity and shear modulus in field investigations. Zhengzhou loess silty clay, due to its high dry density and low porosity, has a higher degree of compaction compared to northwest loess and essentially lacks collapsibility. The research findings provide valuable reference for the appropriate selection of soil parameters along the discussed railway line in Zhengzhou area.
由表9可知:不同地区土体天然含水率不同,土体密度不同,故此2种参数不具备可对比性;土的相对密度变化范围很小,不做对比研究;选取干密度进行对比分析,新疆伊犁、青海乐都、甘肃兰州地区黄土干密度在1.30~1.40 g · cm-3,甘肃庆阳、宁夏同心、陕西西安、陕西铜川、陕西靖边、陕西华阴地区黄土干密度在1.40~1.50 g · cm-3,山西兴县、河南郑州巩义、荥阳地区黄土状粉质黏土干密度在1.60~1.70 g · cm-3,结合我国地域分布可知,越向西北延伸黄土干密度越小,黄土密实程度越低,黄土干密度从西北地区至中原地区呈现逐步增大的过渡趋势。
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