Comparing Field Tests on Stress Characteristics of Prefabricated Inverted Arch and Cast-in-Place Inverted Arch Lining Structure of Single-Track Railway Tunnel
To study the stress characteristics of assembled inverted arch and cast-in-place inverted arch lining structure of single-track railway tunnel, based on Yaopocun Tunnel of Tianlong Railway, the contact pressure between inverted arch and cushion (primary support), the contact pressure between arch-wall secondary lining and primary support, the stress of secondary lining reinforcement, and the stress of secondary lining concrete were monitored on site. Through data analysis, the variation laws of contact pressure and stress with time and its distribution characteristics on the tunnel cross section were obtained for two structural forms — "prefabricated inverted arch + cast-in-place arch wall secondary lining" and "fully cast-in-place lining". Then, the changes of stress characteristics of these two inverted arch structures were compared and analyzed. The results show that the contact pressure and stress at all measurement points of both structures initially increase, then decrease, and finally tend to be stable over time. The laws of bottom contact pressure distributions of the two inverted arch structures are indicated that the contact pressure is highest at the midspan of the inverted arch and decreases towards the sidewalls, with symmetrical contact pressures. In both structures, the secondary lining reinforcement and concrete exhibit synchronized compressive deformation. The overall performance shows that higher compressive stress occurs in the side walls and wall footings, while lower compressive stress in the arch steel bars, indicating greater susceptibility to tension in the arch reinforcement. When constructing the secondary lining, the primary support structure of the tunnel has already stabilized, with the secondary lining solely serving as a safety redundancy. The concrete in both structures is mainly compressed with localized tension, showing asymmetric lateral stress distribution. Tensile regions in the prefabricated inverted arch structure is concentrated on the inner side of the second lining, whereas the tension of the cast-in-place inverted arch lining structure is concentrated on the vault and wall foot. The tensile stress remains below that of C40 concrete and is within the safe range.
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