In response to the issue of tight capacity utilization on certain high-speed railways, an optimization method for train path sequence of high-speed railway based on node routing is proposed. First, train paths are abstracted as nodes, and the connection relationships between them are abstracted as directed arcs, thereby transforming the optimization problem of train path sequence into a node routing problem. Second, modules such as train overtaking combination design, arc weight calculation, train path sequence optimization, and train timetable scheduling are developed. Finally, a certain section of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway is taken as an example to verify the feasibility of the method, and the impact laws of the adjustment range of train path sequence and train overtaking combination design on capacity utilization are analyzed. The results show that through the optimization of the actual train timetable, the section carrying capacity increases by 5.26 %, and the average travel time of the trains decreases by 3.18%. As the adjustment range of train path sequence gradually expands, the increase in section carrying capacity continues to grow, with a maximum improvement of 31.58%. This method effectively enhances the section carrying capacity by optimizing the train path sequence, providing technical support for the optimization of capacity utilization on busy high-speed railways.
京沪高铁运输能力紧张,其中南京南站—上海虹桥站区段的运行图冗余度极低。以该区段为例,验证所提模型和算法在提升运输能力利用率方面的可行性与有效性。该区段同时运行350 km · h-1和300 km · h-1两种速度等级的高速列车,其在各区间的纯运行时间差异见表1。
基于列车运行图技术资料,设定模型参数见表2。通过分析不同越行组合对时空资源利用效率的影响,将该案例下的列车越行组合内的列车数量定为3列,并将300 km · h-1和350 km · h-1高速列车分别定义为低等级和高等级高速列车。
2023年9月11:00—17:00内的列车运行图如图10所示,该时段内的区段通过能力为38列。图中,各列车均采用数字编号标注于运行线上,横线表示区间中心站位置。区间间隔按速度为300 km · h-1的一站直达列车的区间运行时分比例确定,橙色运行线表示列车越行组合。该时段共开行5列350 km · h-1和33列300 km · h-1的高速列车。由图10可知:该段高速铁路列车运行图冗余度极低,无法插入新的运行线;列车待避次数较多,导致平均旅行时间增至84.9 min。以该时段内既有的38列列车和新增的12列列车(停站方案和开行时段已确定,新增列车均安排在既有列车之后),组成列车集合。
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