To explore the overall development level of China Railway Express (CR Express) at different periods since it entered the high-quality development phase, integrating its operational status and development potential, a dynamic evaluation system for CR Express operating routes with 7 criterion layers, 14 first-level indicators, and 44 second-level indicators was constructed. To make the evaluation system concise and efficient, the principal basis analysis method based on time series was adopted to eliminate indicators that contribute insignificantly to the evaluation results. To ensure that the evaluation results take into account both the current operation status and future potential of CR Express, the indicators were weighted by trapezoidal fuzzy entropy, and the dynamic TOPSIS method based on connection degree was applied to assess the operation quality of CR Express. To explore the main restrictive factors of high-quality development of CR Express, the obstacle degree model was used to conduct obstacle factors analysis. The results showed that from January 2023 to June 2025, the overall performance of 10 major CR Express routes maintained stable, but there were significant differences in the comprehensive development quality among these routes. The top 3 routes in terms of development potential were CR Express (Zhengzhou), CR Express (Chang'an), and CR Express (Wuhan), with comprehensive values of 0.122 4, 0.114 8, and 0.094 8, respectively. In the first half of 2025, the differences in development among routes mainly stemmed from "economy and efficiency", "inclusiveness and safety", and "convenience", with corresponding principal component contributions of 45.39%, 14.97%, and 12.28%, respectively. The main obstacle factors were "efficiency" , "economy", and "resilience", which were specifically reflected in traffic efficiency, cargo source organization capacity, and external risk prevention.
TOPSIS法在铁路运输领域的应用,主要围绕运输质量评价、安全风险评估、效率优化等核心问题展开,为铁路系统的科学决策提供了有效的量化工具。武慧荣等[4]提出基于熵权TOPSIS模型的大宗货物运输方式综合评价,通过量化运输成本、时效、环保性等指标,实现了铁路与其他运输方式的综合对比。陈雅欣等[5]采用基于SPA-TOPSIS方法的铁路编组站运输态势表征与评估,通过处理运输过程中确定性与不确定性间的关系,提升了态势评估的动态性与准确性。Marchetti D等[6]应用TOPSIS结合遗传算法分析巴西铁路货运系统效率,通过优化场景模拟,为铁路网络资源配置提供量化支持。黄文成等[7]在熵权-TOPSIS法的基础上引入耦合协调法构建了铁路危险品运输系统风险评价模型,并识别危险品运输中的关键风险环节。AK M F等[8]引入区间值球形模糊集,扩展了TOPSIS方法,并在此基础上针对铁路运输系统的定性风险进行评估,解决了传统方法难以处理高维度模糊信息的不足。YAN X等[9]结合集对分析理论对TOPSIS法进行改进,纳入地理环境、管理水平等区域差异因素,揭示铁路安全的空间分布特征。
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