The surface morphology characteristics of steel rail components directly influence the tribological performance of contacting parts. However, in rail grinding and maintenance, the effect mechanism of surface morphologies generated by abrasive belt grinding on the in-service tribological performance of steel rails remains unclear. To systematically investigate the tribological properties of ground steel rails with varying texture parameters under dry friction conditions, a micro-element wear simulation model for wheel-rail contact was established using structured modeling combined with finite element simulation, based on Hertz contact theory and the Archard wear model. Steel rail specimens with different texture spacings, orientations, and depths were prepared via grinding processes, and friction and wear tests were conducted using a linear reciprocating dry friction sliding test method with ball-on-disc configuration. The results demonstrate that the spacing, orientation, and depth of surface textures generated by grinding significantly influence the friction coefficient and wear rate of steel rails. By optimizing grinding process parameters, such as reducing the size of abrasive belt grit, increasing the grinding twist angle, and increasing grinding feed rate, surface textures with larger spacing, larger angles, and greater depths can be formed within the parameter ranges of 0.06 - 0.14 mm spacing, 0° - 60° orientation, and 0.02 - 0.08 mm depth, effectively enhancing the tribological performance of steel rails and thereby extending their service life.
设置轮轨接触为摩擦接触,保持相对移动速度为1 m · s-1,每次移动位移为1 mm;设置轮轨的对流换热系数为20 W · (m2 · K)-1,热分配权重为0.5,摩擦能耗散比率为1[16];在如图3所示的Archard磨损模型示意图中,根据试验设置的移动速度与接触应力,取区域3内磨耗系数2×10-4,并采用完全分析法进行求解,得到钢轨磨损云图如图4所示。
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