The Influencing Factors Exploration and Spatial Effect Analysis on the Coil Steel Railway Transportation Demand Considering the Origin-Destination Spatial Autocorrelation
To quantitatively evaluate the influencing factors and spatial effects of coil steel railway transportation demand, and to achieve the modal shift of bulk cargo transportation from highway to railway, an Origin-Destination (OD) spatial autocorrelation model (SAM) is constructed based on coil steel railway transportation demand. On the basis of statistical data of coil steel railway transportation in 2022, the model examines the spatial autocorrelation at the origin, destination, and OD levels of coil steel railway transportation demand. Then the impact of industrial structure and transportation infrastructure on the coil steel railway transportation demand is quantitatively analyzed. Furthermore, the direction and magnitude of each influencing factor are assessed through marginal effect analysis. The results show that factors such as the number of railway lines, railway operating mileage density, the total steel output at the origin, and the economic and transportation characteristics at the destination (including per capita gross industrial product, total real estate investment, total highway mileage and inland waterway mileage) are significantly positively correlated with coil steel railway transportation demand. The factors such as the distance between OD, the total steel output at the destination, and the economic and transportation characteristics at the origin are significantly negatively correlated with coil steel railway transportation demand. The spatial autocorrelation parameters for the origin, destination, and OD are 0.050, 0.055, and -0.008, respectively, indicating the necessity of considering spatial effects. The model comprehensively considers the supply-driven effect at the origin, the demand-driven effect at the destination, the inhibitory and complementary impacts of distance and the development of other transportation modes on coil steel railway transportation demand. It provides a theoretical basis for forecasting the coil steel railway transportation demand and formulating policies for modal shift of bulk cargo transportation from highway to railway.
根据各省《综合立体交通网规划纲要(2023—2035年)》《“十四五”及中长期铁路网规划》等政策文件,可获得2035年各省铁路营业里程,据此计算铁路营业里程密度,预测其对卷钢铁路运输量的影响,结果见表6。由表6可知:以湖北省为例,2035年该省铁路营业里程密度增至0.538×109 km · (104 km²)⁻¹,比2022年增加0.237×109 km · (104 km²)⁻¹;基于铁路营业里程密度的边际效应,预计2035年整个网络的卷钢铁路运输量增加约0.712%,流出、流入以及省内运输量分别增加约0.993%,0.013%和0.034%,周边省份间运输量下降约0.328%。若可获得2035年31个省份铁路线路增加情况,可据此估算该变量对各省卷钢铁路运输量的流入、流出、省内、周边省份间以及整个网络的运输量变化情况。
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